Prompt: To what extent was the Wall Street Crash a cause of the Great Depression of 1929? Support your argument with specific examples.
The Wall Street Crash was one of the major causes of the Great Depression, Along with over-production, over-use of credit and small wages. These worked in unison to cause the Great Depression of 1929.
The Wall Street Crash
I. People lost great amounts of money
-People who bought stocks using loans because they believed the market would continue to rise lost money and the loaners also lost their money
II. No money to buy products
-Products are being over-produced and so the companies are loosing money because the people do not have the money buy them
Over Production
I. Too many products are being made
-consumers do not need all of them
-Consumers do not have money from stock market crash
II. Soldiers home from war do not need rations
-crops harvested are going to waste because they are not needed and people do not have the money for them
Over-Use of Credit
I. People were using money they did not have to buy things
-Increased the debt
-People were not able to receive payment for things, debts were not able to be payed back because of the loss of money from the Stock Market Crash
Small Wages and Lay-offs
I. People had no money to buy things
-Prices kept increasing but wages did not so people could not afford items
II. People could not pay off stock market debts because of the wages
-Lay-offs because companies are not making money
Thursday, January 28, 2010
Monday, January 25, 2010
Causes & Early Effects of the Great Depression
1. What happened on "Black Tuesday"?
On black tuesday the stock market completely crashed and then people tried to sell all their stocks and it just made the market drop even more.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
The industries in the 1920's were not performing well, and agriculture helped because they didnt need to supply the troops anymore so the crops were not getting bought. THerefore the prices dropped, and Consumers helped because they did not have the money to buy the products which prices kept going up.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were credit cards, not big enough salaries and wages for workers, and over production of things when people weren't using them.
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover believed that government should make competing groups cooperate.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
Hoovers initial reaction was to get the leaders of the economy to keep wages the same and get them to work together, but this did not work. The hoover damn was also created.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
The nations economy was becoming worse and more people were becoming unemployed. Also the number of homeless people was rising.
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
Lots of the republicans were voted out of office and many anti-hoover Democrats were voted in.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
Hoover helped make lots of cooperatives and also created the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, the Glass-Steagle Banking Act, and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
The economy just got worse and worse.
On black tuesday the stock market completely crashed and then people tried to sell all their stocks and it just made the market drop even more.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
The industries in the 1920's were not performing well, and agriculture helped because they didnt need to supply the troops anymore so the crops were not getting bought. THerefore the prices dropped, and Consumers helped because they did not have the money to buy the products which prices kept going up.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were credit cards, not big enough salaries and wages for workers, and over production of things when people weren't using them.
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover believed that government should make competing groups cooperate.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
Hoovers initial reaction was to get the leaders of the economy to keep wages the same and get them to work together, but this did not work. The hoover damn was also created.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
The nations economy was becoming worse and more people were becoming unemployed. Also the number of homeless people was rising.
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
Lots of the republicans were voted out of office and many anti-hoover Democrats were voted in.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
Hoover helped make lots of cooperatives and also created the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, the Glass-Steagle Banking Act, and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
The economy just got worse and worse.
Sunday, January 10, 2010
The Twenties Woman
Read Chapter 21-2 and answer the following questions. These are due by 3:10 p.m. Friday.
Title: The Twenties Woman Labels: 1920s, women's_rights
1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
Women cut their hair short, and wore shorter dresses.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
Women began to be more open and public about things such as drinking and smoking. They also began asserting that marriage was an equal partnership between the man and the woman.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
Assertive, Self-Confident
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Many new job oppurtunities were provided such as being a nurse, librarian, or clerk.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
Two ways their home and family life improved were that new inventions were made to make jobs at the house much easier, and also food was put in cans so it was easier for them to make.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
Three negative effects were that double-standards were made about women, teens began to rebel against their parents, and they were still discriminated against at the workplace and earned lower wages because they were women.
Title: The Twenties Woman Labels: 1920s, women's_rights
1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
Women cut their hair short, and wore shorter dresses.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
Women began to be more open and public about things such as drinking and smoking. They also began asserting that marriage was an equal partnership between the man and the woman.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
Assertive, Self-Confident
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Many new job oppurtunities were provided such as being a nurse, librarian, or clerk.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
Two ways their home and family life improved were that new inventions were made to make jobs at the house much easier, and also food was put in cans so it was easier for them to make.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
Three negative effects were that double-standards were made about women, teens began to rebel against their parents, and they were still discriminated against at the workplace and earned lower wages because they were women.
Monday, January 4, 2010
Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues
After World War I, many Americans feared that Communists would take over the country.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
He responded to the fear that communists would take over the country by attempting to hunt down all the communists and anarchists. He was not successful in doing this.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
Palmer eventually lost his standing with the public because he was not getting any results, and people began to suspect that he was doing it for his own personal reasons.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
The Klu Klux Klan responded to this fear by killing pretty much anybody that wasnt similar to them.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
They lost popularity and membership because they were undergoing in criminal activities and people did not like it.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
They were victimized in a trial by a prejudiced judge because a factory paymaster was robbed by two italian men. They provided information that they were innocent but were still sentenced to death.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
The strike by the Boston Police was unpopular with the public because they felt unsafe without the police force protecting them.
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Calvin Coolidge became popular because he stopped the Boston police strike and so he was viewed as the protector of Boston. They also thought that he was stopping the spread of Communism.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
The strike at U.S. Steel unpopular because the strikers were portrayed as communists and they were unusually violent.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
President Wilson responded to the steel strike by stating that strikers should refrain from violence when the nation is trying to refrain from going into war.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
He responded to the fear that communists would take over the country by attempting to hunt down all the communists and anarchists. He was not successful in doing this.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
Palmer eventually lost his standing with the public because he was not getting any results, and people began to suspect that he was doing it for his own personal reasons.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
The Klu Klux Klan responded to this fear by killing pretty much anybody that wasnt similar to them.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
They lost popularity and membership because they were undergoing in criminal activities and people did not like it.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
They were victimized in a trial by a prejudiced judge because a factory paymaster was robbed by two italian men. They provided information that they were innocent but were still sentenced to death.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
The strike by the Boston Police was unpopular with the public because they felt unsafe without the police force protecting them.
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Calvin Coolidge became popular because he stopped the Boston police strike and so he was viewed as the protector of Boston. They also thought that he was stopping the spread of Communism.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
The strike at U.S. Steel unpopular because the strikers were portrayed as communists and they were unusually violent.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
President Wilson responded to the steel strike by stating that strikers should refrain from violence when the nation is trying to refrain from going into war.
Wednesday, December 16, 2009
Woodrow Wilson Fights for Peace
1. What was Wilson's 14th Point?
Wilson's 14th point stated that there should be a league of nations that would address problems before they led to war.
2. What terms of the treaty specifically affected Germany?
This treaty said that Germany could not have an army of more than 100 thousand men, and it could be only for defense purposes. This reduced the size of their army drastically.
3. What were the weaknesses of the treaty?
-Forced Germany to take sole responsibility for the war, which made them pay lost of money which they did not have.
-Germany lost all colonies in the Pacific
4. Why did Henry Cabot Lodge object to the treaty?
He thought that it threatened the European policy of isolationism. He thought that the constitutional right of congress to declare war should be included in the treaty.
5. How did Wilson help bring about the Senate's rejection of the treaty?
He delivered too many speeches, and dropped 13 of the 14 points.
6. What circumstances at this time would eventually lead many Germans to support Adolf Hitler?
He jumped on the idea that they had not actually lost the war, because there was no definitive battle or treaty, it just ended. So he adopted the idea that they needed revenge, and at the time that sounded good to the Germans because they did not think they lost the war.
7. Who is George Clemenceau?
He was a french premier who was determined to stop further invasions of France by the Germans.
8. Who is David Lloyd George?
He was the British Prime minister. His slogan was, "MAKE GERMANY PAY"
9. Describe the participation of Russia at the peace conference.
Russia did not go to the peace conference.
Wilson's 14th point stated that there should be a league of nations that would address problems before they led to war.
2. What terms of the treaty specifically affected Germany?
This treaty said that Germany could not have an army of more than 100 thousand men, and it could be only for defense purposes. This reduced the size of their army drastically.
3. What were the weaknesses of the treaty?
-Forced Germany to take sole responsibility for the war, which made them pay lost of money which they did not have.
-Germany lost all colonies in the Pacific
4. Why did Henry Cabot Lodge object to the treaty?
He thought that it threatened the European policy of isolationism. He thought that the constitutional right of congress to declare war should be included in the treaty.
5. How did Wilson help bring about the Senate's rejection of the treaty?
He delivered too many speeches, and dropped 13 of the 14 points.
6. What circumstances at this time would eventually lead many Germans to support Adolf Hitler?
He jumped on the idea that they had not actually lost the war, because there was no definitive battle or treaty, it just ended. So he adopted the idea that they needed revenge, and at the time that sounded good to the Germans because they did not think they lost the war.
7. Who is George Clemenceau?
He was a french premier who was determined to stop further invasions of France by the Germans.
8. Who is David Lloyd George?
He was the British Prime minister. His slogan was, "MAKE GERMANY PAY"
9. Describe the participation of Russia at the peace conference.
Russia did not go to the peace conference.
Friday, December 11, 2009
WWI - The War at Home
What were some things accomplished by the following wartime agencies and laws?
1. War Industries Board - Put price control onto their products and in wartime they doubled their prices.
2. Railroad Administration - They watched over the railroads and they could raise the prices if they needed too.
3. Fuel Administration - Watched over fuel production, could raise the prices on fuel if needed.
4. National War Labor Board - This was a board that nixon created to punish people who refuesed to obey decisions made by the board. They also worked on the conditions of the workers in the factories, and also made sure that child labor did not exhist anymore.
5. Food Administration - They accomplished conserving food so that the country would not run out, and also encouraged people having their own farms so that they would be able to grow their own food and be self sustaining.
6. Committee on Public Information - The committee on Public Information encouraged American things such as patriotism and also shut down protests saying that the draft was illegal and unconstitutional.
7. Espionage and Sedition Acts - Said that anyone who opposed the war would be fined and put in jail if they spoke out against the war when free speach was not allowed.
Briefly explain why Bernard M. Baruch and George Creel are significant historical figures.
1. War Industries Board - Put price control onto their products and in wartime they doubled their prices.
2. Railroad Administration - They watched over the railroads and they could raise the prices if they needed too.
3. Fuel Administration - Watched over fuel production, could raise the prices on fuel if needed.
4. National War Labor Board - This was a board that nixon created to punish people who refuesed to obey decisions made by the board. They also worked on the conditions of the workers in the factories, and also made sure that child labor did not exhist anymore.
5. Food Administration - They accomplished conserving food so that the country would not run out, and also encouraged people having their own farms so that they would be able to grow their own food and be self sustaining.
6. Committee on Public Information - The committee on Public Information encouraged American things such as patriotism and also shut down protests saying that the draft was illegal and unconstitutional.
7. Espionage and Sedition Acts - Said that anyone who opposed the war would be fined and put in jail if they spoke out against the war when free speach was not allowed.
Briefly explain why Bernard M. Baruch and George Creel are significant historical figures.
Tuesday, December 1, 2009
World War I Begins
1. What are the four main causes of World War I? Give an example for each as to why it was a cause.
1.Nationalism: Caused Austria-Hungary to be rivals for influence over Serbia, and it led to competitive and antagonistic rivalries among nations
2.Imperialism: Colonies supplied the European imperial powers with raw materials and provided markets for manufactured goods. As Germany industrialized, it competed with France and Britain in the contest for colonies.
3.Militarism: France Italy Japan The US Germany and Britain all competed to try and have the most military forces, and so they were much readier for war.
4:Alliance System: When Germany went to war with Serbia all the countries in the alliances were forced to also declare war on each other, creating World War I.
2. How did the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand become the spark for WWI?
The assasination touched off a diplomatic crisis. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared what was expected to be a short war against Serbia. The alliance system pulled one nation after another into conflict.
3. What happened within the first few months of fighting?
Within a few months of fighting at the first Battle of the Somme, the British suffered 60,000 casualties on the first day alone, and the final casualties numbered about 1.2 million.
4. Generally, why did the United States want to stay out of the war?
The United States wanted to stay out of the war because Americans saw no point to join a struggle 3 thousand miles away and it posed no threat to American lives or property.
5. Specifically, Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U.S. participation in the war? Naturalized citizens; socialists; pacifists; parents.
Naturalized citizens opposed the U.S. participation in the war because they all had ties with the nations that they came from. Socialists opposed U.S. participation in the war because they criticized the war as a capitalist and imperialist struggle between Germany and England to control markets and colonies in China, Africa, and the Middle East. Pacifists opposed the war because pacifists dont support war, and Parents didnt support the US participating in the war because they simply did not want their sons to experience the horrors of warfare.
6. How did Germany respond to the British naval blockade of Germany’s ports? What was the U.S. response?
Germany responded to the British naval blockade of its ports with a counterblockade by U-boats. Any British or Allied ship found in the waters around Britain would be sunk. The U.S.'s response after some of its people were killed was to convince Germany to stop its tactics and that if the United States could not persuade Britain to lift its blockade against food and fertilizers, Germany would consider renewing its unrestricted submarine warfare.
7. What forced the United States into the war?
The Germans ignored Wilsons calls for peace and stated that the U-boats would sink all the ships in British waters-hostile or neutral- on sight. The German decision meant that the United States would have to go to war.
1.Nationalism: Caused Austria-Hungary to be rivals for influence over Serbia, and it led to competitive and antagonistic rivalries among nations
2.Imperialism: Colonies supplied the European imperial powers with raw materials and provided markets for manufactured goods. As Germany industrialized, it competed with France and Britain in the contest for colonies.
3.Militarism: France Italy Japan The US Germany and Britain all competed to try and have the most military forces, and so they were much readier for war.
4:Alliance System: When Germany went to war with Serbia all the countries in the alliances were forced to also declare war on each other, creating World War I.
2. How did the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand become the spark for WWI?
The assasination touched off a diplomatic crisis. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared what was expected to be a short war against Serbia. The alliance system pulled one nation after another into conflict.
3. What happened within the first few months of fighting?
Within a few months of fighting at the first Battle of the Somme, the British suffered 60,000 casualties on the first day alone, and the final casualties numbered about 1.2 million.
4. Generally, why did the United States want to stay out of the war?
The United States wanted to stay out of the war because Americans saw no point to join a struggle 3 thousand miles away and it posed no threat to American lives or property.
5. Specifically, Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U.S. participation in the war? Naturalized citizens; socialists; pacifists; parents.
Naturalized citizens opposed the U.S. participation in the war because they all had ties with the nations that they came from. Socialists opposed U.S. participation in the war because they criticized the war as a capitalist and imperialist struggle between Germany and England to control markets and colonies in China, Africa, and the Middle East. Pacifists opposed the war because pacifists dont support war, and Parents didnt support the US participating in the war because they simply did not want their sons to experience the horrors of warfare.
6. How did Germany respond to the British naval blockade of Germany’s ports? What was the U.S. response?
Germany responded to the British naval blockade of its ports with a counterblockade by U-boats. Any British or Allied ship found in the waters around Britain would be sunk. The U.S.'s response after some of its people were killed was to convince Germany to stop its tactics and that if the United States could not persuade Britain to lift its blockade against food and fertilizers, Germany would consider renewing its unrestricted submarine warfare.
7. What forced the United States into the war?
The Germans ignored Wilsons calls for peace and stated that the U-boats would sink all the ships in British waters-hostile or neutral- on sight. The German decision meant that the United States would have to go to war.
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