1. How were the "plumbers" connected to President Nixon?
The plumbers were a covert white house special investigations unit created during Nixon's presidency. They were supposed to stop information from being leaked to the press, and the members were involved in illegal activities such as the watergate break-in.
2. Who was the judge? Why did he hand out maximum sentences?
The judge was John Sirica, and he handed out maximum sentences so that the possibility of reduction of the sentences would coherse people into talking.
3. How were Mitchell and Dean connected to Nixon?
Dean was connected to Nixon because Nixon tried to force him to resign after watergate, and he refused to. He testified against Nixon and said that he was part of the coverup. Mitchell was connected to Nixon because he was the US Attorney General under Nixon, and he served as his campain manager from '68-'72. He was the first attorney general ever to be convicted of criminal activities.
4. How were Haldeman and Erlichman connected to Nixon?
Haldeman was Nixons advances in the campaign and he named him his chief of staff. He kept a diary of his experiences day to day in the white house under Nixon. Him and Erlichman were supposed to keep others away from Nixon, and they were his most trusted aids during his presidency.
5. What did the following men tell the Senate about Nixon?
a. Dean told the senate that nixon had a part in the coverup.
b. Butterfield told the senate that everything was taped when Nixon was present which showed that he was trying to cover up the tapes.
6. Who was fired or forced to resign in the "massacre"?
Archibald Cox was dismissed and Elliot Richardson and William Ruckelshaus were forced to resign.
7. Why weren't investigators satisified with the transcripts?
Investigators werent satisfied with the transcripts
8. What did the tapes reveal?
9. Why did Vice President Spiro Agnew resign?
Vice President Spiro Angew resigned because of criminal charges. He was allowed to plead no contest to not listing almost 30,000 dollars of income, on the condition that he resign from office.
10. What did the House Judiciary Committee charge President Nixon with?
11. How did the Watergate scandal create a constitutional crisis?
Wednesday, May 26, 2010
Monday, May 24, 2010
Women Fight for Equality
1. Experiences in the workplace:
By 1960 the percentage of women with jobs had increased by 40 percent but there was still jobs that they were still not allowed to do, that were known as mens jobs. People ignored this discrimination until Kennedy made the Presidential commission on the status of women..
2. Experiences in social activism:
These experiences led women to make groups to talk about their suppression in society, and their talks led to "consciousness raising."
3. "Consciousness raising":
This was when women talked about their lives together and found out they were all going through the same thing, which showed sexism was a big thing. This raised awareness of sexism and made people realize how prevalent it was at the time.
4. Feminism:
This was the belief that women should be equal with men. This created the womens movement.
5. Betty Friedan and The Feminine Mystique:
Betty Friedan wrote the book The Feminine Mystique. This book showed that women were not happy with their situation and became a top seller. This was one of the big reason why women began to gain more interest in the problem and began to want change.
6. Civil Rights Act of 1964:
The civil rights act of 1964 caused women to gain strength because it prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, and gender. It also created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission which was made to handle the discrimination claims.
7. National Organization for Women (NOW):
This was made to help go after the goals of the women. The members pushed for the creation of child-care-facilities so that the mothers would be able to work and or go to school. This also made the EEOC enforce the law that discriminating was illegal. This made the EEOC declare that ads that were sexist against women be illegal and also that employers could not refuse women for the jobs men always had.
8. Gloria Steinem and Ms. Magazine:
Gloria Steinem was one of the most important prominent figures in the movement after she and a few other women founded Ms. Magazine, which treated contemporary issues from a feminist perspective. She also helped founded the National Women's Political Caucus, which encouraged women to seek political office. Her actions were advanced the movement by this.
9. Congress:
Congress passed a banned gender discrimination. After this several all-male colleges started accepting women, and also the same year congress gave the EEOC more power and gave parents that worked a tax break for child care.
10. Supreme Court:
The Supreme Court made the ruling in the Roe V Wade case which was a controversial case that feminists and NOW had supported. This issue still has not been solved.
11. The Equal rights Amendment would have guaranteed equal rights under the law, regardless of gender. Who opposed this amendment? Why?
Phyllis Schlafy and conservative religious groups were against the amendment because they thought it would lead to a parade of horribles, which would include the drafting of women and the ending of the laws that protected homemakers. They also thought that it would end the fact that the father had to support his family, and they were also afraid of same-sex marriages.
By 1960 the percentage of women with jobs had increased by 40 percent but there was still jobs that they were still not allowed to do, that were known as mens jobs. People ignored this discrimination until Kennedy made the Presidential commission on the status of women..
2. Experiences in social activism:
These experiences led women to make groups to talk about their suppression in society, and their talks led to "consciousness raising."
3. "Consciousness raising":
This was when women talked about their lives together and found out they were all going through the same thing, which showed sexism was a big thing. This raised awareness of sexism and made people realize how prevalent it was at the time.
4. Feminism:
This was the belief that women should be equal with men. This created the womens movement.
5. Betty Friedan and The Feminine Mystique:
Betty Friedan wrote the book The Feminine Mystique. This book showed that women were not happy with their situation and became a top seller. This was one of the big reason why women began to gain more interest in the problem and began to want change.
6. Civil Rights Act of 1964:
The civil rights act of 1964 caused women to gain strength because it prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, and gender. It also created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission which was made to handle the discrimination claims.
7. National Organization for Women (NOW):
This was made to help go after the goals of the women. The members pushed for the creation of child-care-facilities so that the mothers would be able to work and or go to school. This also made the EEOC enforce the law that discriminating was illegal. This made the EEOC declare that ads that were sexist against women be illegal and also that employers could not refuse women for the jobs men always had.
8. Gloria Steinem and Ms. Magazine:
Gloria Steinem was one of the most important prominent figures in the movement after she and a few other women founded Ms. Magazine, which treated contemporary issues from a feminist perspective. She also helped founded the National Women's Political Caucus, which encouraged women to seek political office. Her actions were advanced the movement by this.
9. Congress:
Congress passed a banned gender discrimination. After this several all-male colleges started accepting women, and also the same year congress gave the EEOC more power and gave parents that worked a tax break for child care.
10. Supreme Court:
The Supreme Court made the ruling in the Roe V Wade case which was a controversial case that feminists and NOW had supported. This issue still has not been solved.
11. The Equal rights Amendment would have guaranteed equal rights under the law, regardless of gender. Who opposed this amendment? Why?
Phyllis Schlafy and conservative religious groups were against the amendment because they thought it would lead to a parade of horribles, which would include the drafting of women and the ending of the laws that protected homemakers. They also thought that it would end the fact that the father had to support his family, and they were also afraid of same-sex marriages.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Why did the USA lose the Vietnam War?
1. US military tactics in Vietnam
The military tactics that were used in vietnam shocked the American public because they were completely inhumane and cruel. Events like the My Lai Massacre made the public think about what was actually going on in vietnam and rethink if it was wort it. The Viet Cong had more effective tactics as well, which were more suited in the terrain of Vietnam.
2. The unpopularity of the South Vietnamese regime
The South Vietnamese regime was corrupt, and did not treat its people well which caused the monks to light themselves on fire in public protest. This made the South Vietnamese people turn against their government, and the US did not support the South Vietnamese government and so this made the public not like the war even more.
3. The experience of the Viet Cong and the inexperience of the American soldiers
The Vietcong solders were forced to fight the whole time, and so they could continue to improve their skills. The US troops on the other hand cycled out once a year and so the american troops would be taken out once they became used to the conditions and new soldiers would have to come in and adapt. Also, when they came home they would share the horrible things going on in Vietnam.
4. Domestic opposition to the war in the U.S.
The domestic opposition against the war in the US played a big part in ending the war. The Anti-War protests took away support for the war and most of the protesters were men who would be drafted and go and fight in the war, which made them protest harder. Also, some just refused to go to war and were put in jail.
5. Chinese and Soviet support for the Viet Cong
The Chinese and Soviet support for the Vietcong let them use supplies that were more up to date, but they were not nearly as good as the US soldier's weaponry. This helped them keep from being completely being overwhelmed by the fact that the US soldiers had the better technology.
6. 'But did they really lose?' Summarize the argument put forward in Source 57, and your view on it.
The US did not really lose the war. First of all, the US pulled out of the war, and it was because of the public, not because of military problems even though they were having them. I do agree with source 57 because i believe that the US did not really lose the war, but i dont agree with the part supporting the war. On top of that, it was not declared a war by the US but rather a military conflict.
The military tactics that were used in vietnam shocked the American public because they were completely inhumane and cruel. Events like the My Lai Massacre made the public think about what was actually going on in vietnam and rethink if it was wort it. The Viet Cong had more effective tactics as well, which were more suited in the terrain of Vietnam.
2. The unpopularity of the South Vietnamese regime
The South Vietnamese regime was corrupt, and did not treat its people well which caused the monks to light themselves on fire in public protest. This made the South Vietnamese people turn against their government, and the US did not support the South Vietnamese government and so this made the public not like the war even more.
3. The experience of the Viet Cong and the inexperience of the American soldiers
The Vietcong solders were forced to fight the whole time, and so they could continue to improve their skills. The US troops on the other hand cycled out once a year and so the american troops would be taken out once they became used to the conditions and new soldiers would have to come in and adapt. Also, when they came home they would share the horrible things going on in Vietnam.
4. Domestic opposition to the war in the U.S.
The domestic opposition against the war in the US played a big part in ending the war. The Anti-War protests took away support for the war and most of the protesters were men who would be drafted and go and fight in the war, which made them protest harder. Also, some just refused to go to war and were put in jail.
5. Chinese and Soviet support for the Viet Cong
The Chinese and Soviet support for the Vietcong let them use supplies that were more up to date, but they were not nearly as good as the US soldier's weaponry. This helped them keep from being completely being overwhelmed by the fact that the US soldiers had the better technology.
6. 'But did they really lose?' Summarize the argument put forward in Source 57, and your view on it.
The US did not really lose the war. First of all, the US pulled out of the war, and it was because of the public, not because of military problems even though they were having them. I do agree with source 57 because i believe that the US did not really lose the war, but i dont agree with the part supporting the war. On top of that, it was not declared a war by the US but rather a military conflict.
Thursday, May 6, 2010
Vietnam War Opposition
1. Note all of the reasons why you feel the war in Vietnam is wrong.
-Too many civilian deaths
-My Lai Massacre
-Ancient Hue was destroyed
-Use of chemical weapons, also used on women and children which is inhumane
-US army was too weak to be there and were not trained to combat the guerilla tactics of the Viet Cong
2. Note what you're trying to achieve with this poster. (e.g. to convince people to write to their Congressmen to get the troops out.)
To convince people that the war is a complete mistake and that we are not doing good things in Vietnam. It is supposed to show that what we were doing in Vietnam was wrong and that the war was wrong and should not have been entered. The policy of containment was not worth the costs.
3. List possible images for your poster. Think about: background (e.g. destroyed villages); the central image (e.g. picture of a young soldier); whether you will need words to explain your image.
-The civilian houses that were destroyed
-US soldiers killing women and children
-pictures of the My Lai Massacre
-The picture where the women and children are running from the city on fire and the US troops are standing there like this is not a big deal, and the image of the ladies back after.
4. List some possible slogans for your poster.
- is slaughtering women and children justified because of the fear of communism?
- Would the Vietnamese people be better off communist?
- Would you like your son or daughter to be burned alive by Napalm? If so, move to vietnam.
-Too many civilian deaths
-My Lai Massacre
-Ancient Hue was destroyed
-Use of chemical weapons, also used on women and children which is inhumane
-US army was too weak to be there and were not trained to combat the guerilla tactics of the Viet Cong
2. Note what you're trying to achieve with this poster. (e.g. to convince people to write to their Congressmen to get the troops out.)
To convince people that the war is a complete mistake and that we are not doing good things in Vietnam. It is supposed to show that what we were doing in Vietnam was wrong and that the war was wrong and should not have been entered. The policy of containment was not worth the costs.
3. List possible images for your poster. Think about: background (e.g. destroyed villages); the central image (e.g. picture of a young soldier); whether you will need words to explain your image.
-The civilian houses that were destroyed
-US soldiers killing women and children
-pictures of the My Lai Massacre
-The picture where the women and children are running from the city on fire and the US troops are standing there like this is not a big deal, and the image of the ladies back after.
4. List some possible slogans for your poster.
- is slaughtering women and children justified because of the fear of communism?
- Would the Vietnamese people be better off communist?
- Would you like your son or daughter to be burned alive by Napalm? If so, move to vietnam.
Tuesday, May 4, 2010
Vietnam War Turning Points
1. Why was the Tet Offensive a turning point? Explain your answer.
The Tet Offensive was a major turning point because it made the US people question the war.There were about 500,000 troops in Vietnam we were spending $20 billion a year on the war. Also the US and South Vietnamese forces were able to take back the towns that the US army captured quickly. On top of that, many civilians were killed as well.
2. Are Sources 51 and 52 making the same point about the My Lai Massacre?
These sources are not making the same point about the My Lai Massacre. Source 51 is opposing the reasoning behind the My Lai Massacre and it makes the point that they had gone thereon the behalf of their country and they had not known what they were doing. Source 52 opposes source 51 and states that it was not a massacre of innocent civilians, but that they were just killing the supporters of communism which needed to be done anyways.
3. Why do you think it took 12 months for anyone to do anything about the massacre?
It took 12 months for anyone to do anything because there had already been photographs of screaming children running from the Napalm Bombs the US had set off against Viet Cong in the papers and this had already been showed to the american public, and so support was already leaving the offensive.
4. Why was the massacre so shocking to the American public?
The Massacre was so shocking to the American public because nobody thought the US army would do such horrible things, like killing 400 innocent civilians, which were mainly comprised of woman, children, and the elderly. The american people did not think that this was going on in Vietnam.
The Tet Offensive was a major turning point because it made the US people question the war.There were about 500,000 troops in Vietnam we were spending $20 billion a year on the war. Also the US and South Vietnamese forces were able to take back the towns that the US army captured quickly. On top of that, many civilians were killed as well.
2. Are Sources 51 and 52 making the same point about the My Lai Massacre?
These sources are not making the same point about the My Lai Massacre. Source 51 is opposing the reasoning behind the My Lai Massacre and it makes the point that they had gone thereon the behalf of their country and they had not known what they were doing. Source 52 opposes source 51 and states that it was not a massacre of innocent civilians, but that they were just killing the supporters of communism which needed to be done anyways.
3. Why do you think it took 12 months for anyone to do anything about the massacre?
It took 12 months for anyone to do anything because there had already been photographs of screaming children running from the Napalm Bombs the US had set off against Viet Cong in the papers and this had already been showed to the american public, and so support was already leaving the offensive.
4. Why was the massacre so shocking to the American public?
The Massacre was so shocking to the American public because nobody thought the US army would do such horrible things, like killing 400 innocent civilians, which were mainly comprised of woman, children, and the elderly. The american people did not think that this was going on in Vietnam.
Monday, May 3, 2010
The U.S. struggles against the Communist in Vietnam
1. Now think about the overall picture - how the strengths and weaknesses work together.
a) Were the armies finely balanced or was the balance strongly weighted to one side or the other?
The balance was strongly weighted to the Viet Cong. The Viet Cong's soldiers were fearless, compared to the US's troops that were living in fear of ambushes because of the guerilla tactics being used by the Viet Cong. The US had superior weaponry but the Viet Cong used the territory against them so that they were not able to utilize them. They would hide in the jungles and set booby traps.
b) Which quality was most important in determining who won the war? Was one feature so important that being ahead in that area meant that other advantages or disadvantages did not matter?
The Guerilla Tactics was the most important quality in determining who won the war. This is because the Guerilla Tactics were very effective against the US army. The supplies and weaponsy did not matter for the Viet Cong because they were able to use their territory and other things against the US, and make it so that their superior weapons were useless. The US had developed new technology like the agent orange and napalm which were toxic weapons. These did not work well against the Viet Cong and actually caused support of the US army to drop. There was also lots of media going around of the Viet Cong burning and it was not good for the US war effort. But the guns and better technology of the US were nullified by the Guerilla tactics of the Viet Cong.
2. Now write up your answer. Use this structure:
a. The weaknesses of the US were that their tactics of search and destroy, which caused them to lose much support from the vietnamese people, and their bomibng tactics did not do much damage to the communists, and the soldiers had become fearful of the Viet Cong's soldiers because of their use of Guerilla tactics and things such as land mines and booby traps, which made the soldiers live in constant fear. The search and destroy tactics were not effective because although they did kill some soldiers, they caused more trouble by inexperienced soldiers walking into booby traps and mines and they sometimes ended up killing innocent civilians. Because of the civilian losses the population rallied behind the Viet Cong instead of the US. The guerilla tactics of the Viet Cong were much more effective than the Search and Destroy tactics of the US because they didnt cause many problems. The bombing tactics done by the US did no real damage to the Communists at all, it only slowed them down. This was a waste of time, and the soldiers loosing their morale because of the Viet Congs tactics made them not fight as well as they could have and were trained to do, which caused the Us to loose the war.
b. The Communists strengths were that they were very motivated and their soldiers were committed to the cause. They refused to give in showing their strengths compared to those of the US army. They never gave up, even after the US's bombing raids on the Communists military and industry, they were still able to continue operating their supply lines. They were able to still launch raids after the many air raids on north vietnam as well.
c. The U.S. forces had some success. When the US launched bombing raids on the North Vietnamese targets they did manage to damage the Vietnamese's war effort and disrupt the supply lines, and it also enabled the USA to strike at Communist forces after it reduced the ground forces. Finally from 1970 to 1972 heavy bombing campaigns against Hanoi and the port of Haiphong forced the North Vietnamese to begin negotiating with the US.
d.There were major failures as well like the My Lai Massacre. In March of 1968 a unit of Young America soldiers started a search and destroy mission having been told that in the My Lai area there had been Viet Cong head quarters, and 200 Viet Cong guerrillas. The soldiers had been ordered to destroy all of the civilian structures being used by the Viet Cong. They were under the impression that they had been ordered to kill everyone in the villages. Between 300-400 civilians were killed, they were mostly women, children, and old men. In this search and destroy mission no viet cong were actually found or killed. Life Magazine published photographs of the massacre at My Lai. The revelations at My Lai shocked the American public and it was the clearest evidence that the war had gone wrong. The massacre at My Lai cost the US army much trouble with the public support for the war, as well as many innocent civilian lives.
e. The Viet Cong big successes were their guerrilla tactics because they gave the US army a tough resistance and increased their chances of winning the Vietnam War. They did not wear any uniform, they did not have any known headquarters or base camps, they were hard to tell apart from the innocent civilians in the villages, and when they would attack they would retreat back into the jungle which gave the us soldiers much trouble. They wore down the US's army and morale, and this was why it was a major success of the Viet Cong.
f. They also suffered from defeat like the Tet Offensive of 1968. The Viet Cong attacked over 100 cities and other military targets. The US forces had to fight to regain control room by room.The Viet Cong had hoped that the South Vietnam would step up and help them but they ended up not. The Viet Cong lost around 10,000 experienced fighters at this.
h. The key strength of the Viet Cong army was the Guerilla tactics because without them this war probably would had been a lot easier for the US army. The Guerilla Tactics made the soldiers of the US army very frustrated, which caused a lack of morale in the army. This weakened the soldiers as well. The guerrilla tactics caused so much frustration and it made the fighters of the Viet Cong very difficult to find, and therefore harder to kill. Another strength of the Viet Cong was their soldiers who refused to quit, and this was a major reason why they did not lose.
a) Were the armies finely balanced or was the balance strongly weighted to one side or the other?
The balance was strongly weighted to the Viet Cong. The Viet Cong's soldiers were fearless, compared to the US's troops that were living in fear of ambushes because of the guerilla tactics being used by the Viet Cong. The US had superior weaponry but the Viet Cong used the territory against them so that they were not able to utilize them. They would hide in the jungles and set booby traps.
b) Which quality was most important in determining who won the war? Was one feature so important that being ahead in that area meant that other advantages or disadvantages did not matter?
The Guerilla Tactics was the most important quality in determining who won the war. This is because the Guerilla Tactics were very effective against the US army. The supplies and weaponsy did not matter for the Viet Cong because they were able to use their territory and other things against the US, and make it so that their superior weapons were useless. The US had developed new technology like the agent orange and napalm which were toxic weapons. These did not work well against the Viet Cong and actually caused support of the US army to drop. There was also lots of media going around of the Viet Cong burning and it was not good for the US war effort. But the guns and better technology of the US were nullified by the Guerilla tactics of the Viet Cong.
2. Now write up your answer. Use this structure:
a. The weaknesses of the US were that their tactics of search and destroy, which caused them to lose much support from the vietnamese people, and their bomibng tactics did not do much damage to the communists, and the soldiers had become fearful of the Viet Cong's soldiers because of their use of Guerilla tactics and things such as land mines and booby traps, which made the soldiers live in constant fear. The search and destroy tactics were not effective because although they did kill some soldiers, they caused more trouble by inexperienced soldiers walking into booby traps and mines and they sometimes ended up killing innocent civilians. Because of the civilian losses the population rallied behind the Viet Cong instead of the US. The guerilla tactics of the Viet Cong were much more effective than the Search and Destroy tactics of the US because they didnt cause many problems. The bombing tactics done by the US did no real damage to the Communists at all, it only slowed them down. This was a waste of time, and the soldiers loosing their morale because of the Viet Congs tactics made them not fight as well as they could have and were trained to do, which caused the Us to loose the war.
b. The Communists strengths were that they were very motivated and their soldiers were committed to the cause. They refused to give in showing their strengths compared to those of the US army. They never gave up, even after the US's bombing raids on the Communists military and industry, they were still able to continue operating their supply lines. They were able to still launch raids after the many air raids on north vietnam as well.
c. The U.S. forces had some success. When the US launched bombing raids on the North Vietnamese targets they did manage to damage the Vietnamese's war effort and disrupt the supply lines, and it also enabled the USA to strike at Communist forces after it reduced the ground forces. Finally from 1970 to 1972 heavy bombing campaigns against Hanoi and the port of Haiphong forced the North Vietnamese to begin negotiating with the US.
d.There were major failures as well like the My Lai Massacre. In March of 1968 a unit of Young America soldiers started a search and destroy mission having been told that in the My Lai area there had been Viet Cong head quarters, and 200 Viet Cong guerrillas. The soldiers had been ordered to destroy all of the civilian structures being used by the Viet Cong. They were under the impression that they had been ordered to kill everyone in the villages. Between 300-400 civilians were killed, they were mostly women, children, and old men. In this search and destroy mission no viet cong were actually found or killed. Life Magazine published photographs of the massacre at My Lai. The revelations at My Lai shocked the American public and it was the clearest evidence that the war had gone wrong. The massacre at My Lai cost the US army much trouble with the public support for the war, as well as many innocent civilian lives.
e. The Viet Cong big successes were their guerrilla tactics because they gave the US army a tough resistance and increased their chances of winning the Vietnam War. They did not wear any uniform, they did not have any known headquarters or base camps, they were hard to tell apart from the innocent civilians in the villages, and when they would attack they would retreat back into the jungle which gave the us soldiers much trouble. They wore down the US's army and morale, and this was why it was a major success of the Viet Cong.
f. They also suffered from defeat like the Tet Offensive of 1968. The Viet Cong attacked over 100 cities and other military targets. The US forces had to fight to regain control room by room.The Viet Cong had hoped that the South Vietnam would step up and help them but they ended up not. The Viet Cong lost around 10,000 experienced fighters at this.
h. The key strength of the Viet Cong army was the Guerilla tactics because without them this war probably would had been a lot easier for the US army. The Guerilla Tactics made the soldiers of the US army very frustrated, which caused a lack of morale in the army. This weakened the soldiers as well. The guerrilla tactics caused so much frustration and it made the fighters of the Viet Cong very difficult to find, and therefore harder to kill. Another strength of the Viet Cong was their soldiers who refused to quit, and this was a major reason why they did not lose.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
The U.S. Enters the Vietnam War
1. Many neutral observers in Vietnam were critical of US policy. Explain why.
Lots of people were critical of US policy because their tactic of opposing the communist North Vietnamis was to provide support to anti-communist governments in South Vietnam, and these governments were corrupt and treated the people wrongly. Also, the US did not allow the people of Vietnam to hold free elections.
2. Explain how US politicians would have defended their policies.
The US politicians would have defended their policies by saying that they just made them in order to stop communism from spreading, and they would say that if Vietnam fell to communism that others would start to fall as well.
3. The following events are not listed in correct date order. Place them in the correct chronological order.
(1954) U.S. stops elections in Vietnam: political involvement.
The US refused to let them have free elections because we feared they would vote for communism.
(1955) Formation of South Vietnam: political involvement and financial support.
The US needed to support South Vietnam to have any chance of containing communism. This meant that the US supported all of the governments in South Vietnam.
(1960) Viet Cong formed: No direct involvement.
This forced the US to send military aid to the South in order to help fight the guerrila force of the viet cong.
(1961) Viet Cong attacks on U.S. and South Vietnam bases: military involvement
This forced the US to respond with immediate military involvement so as to defend the U.S's world standing and its troops that were stationed in Vietnam.
(1962) JFK sends military advisers: military involvement.
The military advisers were sent to help train the military in South Vietnam. This dragged the US farther and farther into the conflict as it became a target because were were helping the south vietnamis and had to continue because we had already started.
(1962) Number of 'advisers' reaches over 11,500: military involvement.
This caused more tension because the amount of people was less like advisors and more like a small military force.
(1963) U.S. supports South Vietnam government after army overthrow Diem: financial aid.
This caused the US to have to support another corrupt government.
(1963) Assassination of JFK - Johnson becomes president: no direct involvement
US policy towards Vietnam under Johnson became very aggressive and he was looking for an excuse to enter a war in Vietnam.
(1964) Gulf of Tonkin Incident: Military involvement
This was why the US sent a force of 3500 marines to Vietnam.
(1965) U.S. Marines land at Da Nang: military involvement.
The US was now involved in a war in Vietnam.
4. Choose two events that you think were critical in getting the U.S. involved in a war in Vietnam. Explain
your choice.
Two events that were critical in getting the U.S involved in the war in Vietnam were the U.S support of South Vietnamis governments and the assassination of JFK. The US support of the South Vietnamis governments caused us the enter the war because the support for the governments grew when we supported them. Also, the assasination of JFK made us enter the war because Johnson that took his place was much more agressive against the North Vietnamis.
Lots of people were critical of US policy because their tactic of opposing the communist North Vietnamis was to provide support to anti-communist governments in South Vietnam, and these governments were corrupt and treated the people wrongly. Also, the US did not allow the people of Vietnam to hold free elections.
2. Explain how US politicians would have defended their policies.
The US politicians would have defended their policies by saying that they just made them in order to stop communism from spreading, and they would say that if Vietnam fell to communism that others would start to fall as well.
3. The following events are not listed in correct date order. Place them in the correct chronological order.
(1954) U.S. stops elections in Vietnam: political involvement.
The US refused to let them have free elections because we feared they would vote for communism.
(1955) Formation of South Vietnam: political involvement and financial support.
The US needed to support South Vietnam to have any chance of containing communism. This meant that the US supported all of the governments in South Vietnam.
(1960) Viet Cong formed: No direct involvement.
This forced the US to send military aid to the South in order to help fight the guerrila force of the viet cong.
(1961) Viet Cong attacks on U.S. and South Vietnam bases: military involvement
This forced the US to respond with immediate military involvement so as to defend the U.S's world standing and its troops that were stationed in Vietnam.
(1962) JFK sends military advisers: military involvement.
The military advisers were sent to help train the military in South Vietnam. This dragged the US farther and farther into the conflict as it became a target because were were helping the south vietnamis and had to continue because we had already started.
(1962) Number of 'advisers' reaches over 11,500: military involvement.
This caused more tension because the amount of people was less like advisors and more like a small military force.
(1963) U.S. supports South Vietnam government after army overthrow Diem: financial aid.
This caused the US to have to support another corrupt government.
(1963) Assassination of JFK - Johnson becomes president: no direct involvement
US policy towards Vietnam under Johnson became very aggressive and he was looking for an excuse to enter a war in Vietnam.
(1964) Gulf of Tonkin Incident: Military involvement
This was why the US sent a force of 3500 marines to Vietnam.
(1965) U.S. Marines land at Da Nang: military involvement.
The US was now involved in a war in Vietnam.
4. Choose two events that you think were critical in getting the U.S. involved in a war in Vietnam. Explain
your choice.
Two events that were critical in getting the U.S involved in the war in Vietnam were the U.S support of South Vietnamis governments and the assassination of JFK. The US support of the South Vietnamis governments caused us the enter the war because the support for the governments grew when we supported them. Also, the assasination of JFK made us enter the war because Johnson that took his place was much more agressive against the North Vietnamis.
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
The Cuban Missile Crisis
1. Kennedy described Wednesday, Oct. 24 and Saturday, Oct. 27 as the darkest days of the crisis. Use the information on page 350 to explain why.
Kennedy described these days as the darkest days of the crisis because on the 24th there was a very big chance that a war would happen, because if the Soviet ships had attacked the blockade, we would have had to answer their attack and a war would have developed. The 27th made it seem like there was no way that the problem could be solved diplomatically because Kennedy was not going to agree with the terms that he was given.
2. Do you think that nuclear war was ever a possibility in this crisis?
I think that nuclear war was a possibility during the crisis. If one of the countries would have attacked then the nuclear weapons would have been used because they were in the countries arsenal.
3. Is Source 26 a Soviet or an American cartoon? Explain your answer by referring to the details in the cartoon.
I think source six is American cartoon. It seems to blame both of the leaders for wanting nuclear war, and the society of communists in the USSR i don't think would have allowed this. Also the bombs have an h on them, and h is an american letter showing that they are our bombs and not the russians.
4. Using Source 27 list any evidence you can find for and against each of the explanations.
To bargain with the US
-Removal of missiles in Turkey
-not much effort put into the deals
To test US
-thought Kennedy was a weak president
-this was not good because there was the threat of a nuclear war
To trap US
-very close in proximity to the US
-not necessary
To get the upper hand in the arms race
- it balanced US installments in Europe and Turkey
- there was still a chance of a retaliation.
To defend Cuba
-no reason that they would want to have a nuclear war
-close to the US
5. Choose the explanation(s) that you think best fit what you have found out about the crisis. Explain your choice.
I think that best explanation would be that Kruschev was trying to gain an upper hand in the arms race. At the time the US and its allies nations had missiles a lot closer to the USSR than The USSR had to the US. Also, short to medium range missiles that were kept in Cuba could be used to bomb Washington D.C and New York.
Kennedy described these days as the darkest days of the crisis because on the 24th there was a very big chance that a war would happen, because if the Soviet ships had attacked the blockade, we would have had to answer their attack and a war would have developed. The 27th made it seem like there was no way that the problem could be solved diplomatically because Kennedy was not going to agree with the terms that he was given.
2. Do you think that nuclear war was ever a possibility in this crisis?
I think that nuclear war was a possibility during the crisis. If one of the countries would have attacked then the nuclear weapons would have been used because they were in the countries arsenal.
3. Is Source 26 a Soviet or an American cartoon? Explain your answer by referring to the details in the cartoon.
I think source six is American cartoon. It seems to blame both of the leaders for wanting nuclear war, and the society of communists in the USSR i don't think would have allowed this. Also the bombs have an h on them, and h is an american letter showing that they are our bombs and not the russians.
4. Using Source 27 list any evidence you can find for and against each of the explanations.
To bargain with the US
-Removal of missiles in Turkey
-not much effort put into the deals
To test US
-thought Kennedy was a weak president
-this was not good because there was the threat of a nuclear war
To trap US
-very close in proximity to the US
-not necessary
To get the upper hand in the arms race
- it balanced US installments in Europe and Turkey
- there was still a chance of a retaliation.
To defend Cuba
-no reason that they would want to have a nuclear war
-close to the US
5. Choose the explanation(s) that you think best fit what you have found out about the crisis. Explain your choice.
I think that best explanation would be that Kruschev was trying to gain an upper hand in the arms race. At the time the US and its allies nations had missiles a lot closer to the USSR than The USSR had to the US. Also, short to medium range missiles that were kept in Cuba could be used to bomb Washington D.C and New York.
Wednesday, April 14, 2010
The American Dream in the 1950s
1. Baby Boom
The Baby Boom explained the population increase exponentially in the United States between the 1940s to the 1960s. This resulted in the largest generation in United States history.
2. Dr. Jonas Salk
Dr. Jonas Salk discovered a vaccine for polio.
3. Interstate Highway System
The Interstate Highway System created 41,000 miles of highways in the United States. This encouraged the development of suburbs and made high-speed, long-haul trucking possible, which lead to less of a need commercial railroads as well as unifying the country.
4. Franchise
The development of franchises generated lots of money. It low prices and was convenient to customers, and also places like fast food restaurants were able to expand and become franchises.
5. In a paragraph, describe in detail how Americans spent their leisure time in the 1950s
Americans engaged in sports like fishing and hunting. Sports became more popular and people started to watch them on tv and become more interested. People also started to read more, and so many more books were made as well.
The Baby Boom explained the population increase exponentially in the United States between the 1940s to the 1960s. This resulted in the largest generation in United States history.
2. Dr. Jonas Salk
Dr. Jonas Salk discovered a vaccine for polio.
3. Interstate Highway System
The Interstate Highway System created 41,000 miles of highways in the United States. This encouraged the development of suburbs and made high-speed, long-haul trucking possible, which lead to less of a need commercial railroads as well as unifying the country.
4. Franchise
The development of franchises generated lots of money. It low prices and was convenient to customers, and also places like fast food restaurants were able to expand and become franchises.
5. In a paragraph, describe in detail how Americans spent their leisure time in the 1950s
Americans engaged in sports like fishing and hunting. Sports became more popular and people started to watch them on tv and become more interested. People also started to read more, and so many more books were made as well.
Sunday, April 11, 2010
The Arms Race
1. Read Source 12. What methods do you think Dulles had in mind to 'liberate captive peoples' without a war?
Dulles was thinking about the methods just short of war like containment. Some people thought containment was weak and they did not feel that it worked. He was referring to the anticommunist organizations he had set up throughout the world, including SEATO and CENTO.
2. Look at Source 13. Would you agree that the Communist world was encircled? Explain your answer.
Yes I would agree that the communist world was encircled because they were encircled by anti-communist nations. The anti-communist allies were set up so that the USSR could not expand.
3. Carefully examine the verticle timeline on page 343. Then look back at Source 12. Do you think the development of nuclear weapons was what Dulles might have had in mind?
I don't believe that the development of nuclear weapons was what Dulles had in mind because if bombs were developed war could not be stopped if one was dropped. Dulles was against having a war and the bombs being made was a concern to both him and the USSR.
4. Look at Source 16. What is the Soviet cartoon saying about the U-2 plane?
Source 16 is saying that the U-2 plane which is owned by the US is spying on the USSR. Its saying that the U-2 plane is flying over the USSR and looking at what is occuring in the Soviet Union at the time in order to bring that information back to the US so that we may use it against them if necessary.
5. Read the Factfile on page 344. Explain why the USSR was so angry about the US spy flights.
The USSR was mad because the U.S. was spying on them by using U-2 flights. They used the U-2's because they flew so high that they could not be shot down, and so the US could check on what the USSR was producing. They were also mad because Eisenhower lied at first, until the evidence was so revealing that he had to confess.
6. How would the USA justify this violation of Soviet territory?
When Eisenhower was accused he denied it and said that the planes were just flying over without purpose, but when the Soviets shot down one of the U-2 planes and gained evidence that he was spying he had to confess.
7. If the USSR had had U-2 planes, do you think it would have used them? Why?
Yes, the USSR would have used them because they were very useful in order to spy on nations because they had very high tech cameras and speakers that made it easy to hear and see from very far away. They provided very useful information for the US during the Cold War.
8. Look at Source 17. Why do you think the USA had missiles based in Europe?
The US had missiles based in Europe because the missiles based in Europe were a shorter distance to the USSR, therefore the short range missiles would have better accuracy if they needed to be used.
9. Define the term 'nuclear deterrent' in not more than 20 words.
No side would attack first because they knew their attack would hurt them too.
Dulles was thinking about the methods just short of war like containment. Some people thought containment was weak and they did not feel that it worked. He was referring to the anticommunist organizations he had set up throughout the world, including SEATO and CENTO.
2. Look at Source 13. Would you agree that the Communist world was encircled? Explain your answer.
Yes I would agree that the communist world was encircled because they were encircled by anti-communist nations. The anti-communist allies were set up so that the USSR could not expand.
3. Carefully examine the verticle timeline on page 343. Then look back at Source 12. Do you think the development of nuclear weapons was what Dulles might have had in mind?
I don't believe that the development of nuclear weapons was what Dulles had in mind because if bombs were developed war could not be stopped if one was dropped. Dulles was against having a war and the bombs being made was a concern to both him and the USSR.
4. Look at Source 16. What is the Soviet cartoon saying about the U-2 plane?
Source 16 is saying that the U-2 plane which is owned by the US is spying on the USSR. Its saying that the U-2 plane is flying over the USSR and looking at what is occuring in the Soviet Union at the time in order to bring that information back to the US so that we may use it against them if necessary.
5. Read the Factfile on page 344. Explain why the USSR was so angry about the US spy flights.
The USSR was mad because the U.S. was spying on them by using U-2 flights. They used the U-2's because they flew so high that they could not be shot down, and so the US could check on what the USSR was producing. They were also mad because Eisenhower lied at first, until the evidence was so revealing that he had to confess.
6. How would the USA justify this violation of Soviet territory?
When Eisenhower was accused he denied it and said that the planes were just flying over without purpose, but when the Soviets shot down one of the U-2 planes and gained evidence that he was spying he had to confess.
7. If the USSR had had U-2 planes, do you think it would have used them? Why?
Yes, the USSR would have used them because they were very useful in order to spy on nations because they had very high tech cameras and speakers that made it easy to hear and see from very far away. They provided very useful information for the US during the Cold War.
8. Look at Source 17. Why do you think the USA had missiles based in Europe?
The US had missiles based in Europe because the missiles based in Europe were a shorter distance to the USSR, therefore the short range missiles would have better accuracy if they needed to be used.
9. Define the term 'nuclear deterrent' in not more than 20 words.
No side would attack first because they knew their attack would hurt them too.
Wednesday, April 7, 2010
Eisenhower & the Cold War
How did the United States react to the following 7 events, and why?
1. The Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb in 1949.
The U.S reacted to this by starting the Hydrogen Bomb race and also winning the race to make it. The US also put in place programs in order to help people survive a nuclear fallout if there was one. The programs were put in place because they needed a backup if a nuclear war happened.
2. In 1951, the Iranian prime minister placed the oil industry in Iran under the Iranian government’s control.
The U.S Government used the CIA and money lending to the old government counter the new regime. The US did this because we were afraid that if they did not get the money for oil that they would go to the Soviet Union for help.
3. The Guatemalan head of government gave American-owned land in Guatemala to peasants.
The U.S had the CIA train an army had this army invade Guatemala. We did this because we believed that the Guatemalan government had Communist sympathizers in it.
4. In 1956, Britain, France, and Israel invaded Egypt and occupied the Suez Canal.
The U.N acted on this in order to stop the fighting. The united states was responsible for this conflict though because we did not loan money to Egypt, which made Egypt nationalize the Suez Canal.
5. Soviet tanks invaded Hungary and fired on protesters in 1956.
Trueman Doctrine.
6. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik.
The U.S responded to this by rushing to develop its own satellite, and they completed this at the end of January 1958.
7. In 1960, the Soviet Union brought down an American U-2 piloted by Francis Gary Powers.
The U.S said that they would stop the flight. They refused to apologize, and the arms race talks with the Soviet Union was canceled.
1. The Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb in 1949.
The U.S reacted to this by starting the Hydrogen Bomb race and also winning the race to make it. The US also put in place programs in order to help people survive a nuclear fallout if there was one. The programs were put in place because they needed a backup if a nuclear war happened.
2. In 1951, the Iranian prime minister placed the oil industry in Iran under the Iranian government’s control.
The U.S Government used the CIA and money lending to the old government counter the new regime. The US did this because we were afraid that if they did not get the money for oil that they would go to the Soviet Union for help.
3. The Guatemalan head of government gave American-owned land in Guatemala to peasants.
The U.S had the CIA train an army had this army invade Guatemala. We did this because we believed that the Guatemalan government had Communist sympathizers in it.
4. In 1956, Britain, France, and Israel invaded Egypt and occupied the Suez Canal.
The U.N acted on this in order to stop the fighting. The united states was responsible for this conflict though because we did not loan money to Egypt, which made Egypt nationalize the Suez Canal.
5. Soviet tanks invaded Hungary and fired on protesters in 1956.
Trueman Doctrine.
6. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik.
The U.S responded to this by rushing to develop its own satellite, and they completed this at the end of January 1958.
7. In 1960, the Soviet Union brought down an American U-2 piloted by Francis Gary Powers.
The U.S said that they would stop the flight. They refused to apologize, and the arms race talks with the Soviet Union was canceled.
Monday, April 5, 2010
The Red Scare (1950s)
1. HUAC
HUAC investigated people that were suspected of being Communists. The organization was most famous for investigating the movie industry and Hollywood 10.
2. Blacklist
The Blacklist was a list of people created by the government of people who had a communist background.
3. Alger Hiss
Alger Hiss a man accused of being a Soviet spy.He was not able to be covicted of espoinage because of the time frame but was convicted of purgery. This was important because Nixon uesd this case to gain popularity with the American People.
4. Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
Ethel and Julius were minor activists in the Communist Party in the United States and were sentenced to death for giving the Soviets information about the Atomic bomb.
5. Joseph McCarthy
Joseph McCarthy was a Senator who accused many people of being Communists, and started many witch hunts to find and kill the communists. He believed that they were trying to take over the government.
6. McCarthyism
McCarthyism was when people were accused of being communists without evidence.
7. In a paragraph, describe the motivations and actions of Joseph McCarthy during the 1950s. What prompted his actions? What did he do? What happened as a result of his actions?
McCarthy's actions were prompted by his desire to retain his place in the Senate, and he wanted to use the people fear of the communists to gain support.He also saw communism as very dangerous to us, and so he started witch hunts and accusing people of being communists. He started the concept of Mcarthyism and also insulted people on in the senate so that he wasnt accused of slander. The result was that people rallied behind him because of their fear, and promoted the idea of anti-communism.
HUAC investigated people that were suspected of being Communists. The organization was most famous for investigating the movie industry and Hollywood 10.
2. Blacklist
The Blacklist was a list of people created by the government of people who had a communist background.
3. Alger Hiss
Alger Hiss a man accused of being a Soviet spy.He was not able to be covicted of espoinage because of the time frame but was convicted of purgery. This was important because Nixon uesd this case to gain popularity with the American People.
4. Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
Ethel and Julius were minor activists in the Communist Party in the United States and were sentenced to death for giving the Soviets information about the Atomic bomb.
5. Joseph McCarthy
Joseph McCarthy was a Senator who accused many people of being Communists, and started many witch hunts to find and kill the communists. He believed that they were trying to take over the government.
6. McCarthyism
McCarthyism was when people were accused of being communists without evidence.
7. In a paragraph, describe the motivations and actions of Joseph McCarthy during the 1950s. What prompted his actions? What did he do? What happened as a result of his actions?
McCarthy's actions were prompted by his desire to retain his place in the Senate, and he wanted to use the people fear of the communists to gain support.He also saw communism as very dangerous to us, and so he started witch hunts and accusing people of being communists. He started the concept of Mcarthyism and also insulted people on in the senate so that he wasnt accused of slander. The result was that people rallied behind him because of their fear, and promoted the idea of anti-communism.
Sunday, April 4, 2010
Korean War Lessons
Dear Mr. Eisenhower,
There are many lessons that can be learned from the war, which are that the UN will be forced to help if other countries go out of line. This shows that this group is better than the League of Nations which just let Italy and Japan invade other countries without using military force against them. Also, it shows that the US should pick its generals more wisely and make sure that they agree with the idea of containment or whichever policy the president approves rather than having a general that has a different goal and agenda than the president.
The US aims in Korea were to keep it from becoming communist. The support of the UN helped because they were able to condemn the actions of the North Koreans and tell them to withdraw, and when this did not happen, and so the UN was now committed to using member forces to drive the north Koreans out of South Korea. The US achieved its aim of getting the North Korean Communists out of South Korea, but MacArthur wanted to take North Korea as well but Truman believed in containment. MacArthur should not have been allowed to invade North Korea, because Trumans policy of containment was working fine, and we only needed to keep South Korea anti-communist. The point of the invasion was not to change the communism in North Korea, but to repel the communists from South Korea in order to “contain” communism. MacArthur was removed because he openly threated a war against China and Truman had already ruled out an attack on China because it would also involve the USSR and at this time that was too risky. We did not want to get into another war, and MacArthur was openly threatening and saying that we would. The military and civilian costs of having another war are too great. Also, the fact that most of the troops that were sent into Korea by the UN were americans shows that we would be the country that would have to provide most of the military if there was a war.
The policy of containment did succeed because we were able to keep the communists out of South Korea and contain them in North Korea. The main point of containment was not to take back North Korea from communism, but just to make sure that it did not make South Korea communist, and this goal was achieved.
There are many lessons that can be learned from the war, which are that the UN will be forced to help if other countries go out of line. This shows that this group is better than the League of Nations which just let Italy and Japan invade other countries without using military force against them. Also, it shows that the US should pick its generals more wisely and make sure that they agree with the idea of containment or whichever policy the president approves rather than having a general that has a different goal and agenda than the president.
The US aims in Korea were to keep it from becoming communist. The support of the UN helped because they were able to condemn the actions of the North Koreans and tell them to withdraw, and when this did not happen, and so the UN was now committed to using member forces to drive the north Koreans out of South Korea. The US achieved its aim of getting the North Korean Communists out of South Korea, but MacArthur wanted to take North Korea as well but Truman believed in containment. MacArthur should not have been allowed to invade North Korea, because Trumans policy of containment was working fine, and we only needed to keep South Korea anti-communist. The point of the invasion was not to change the communism in North Korea, but to repel the communists from South Korea in order to “contain” communism. MacArthur was removed because he openly threated a war against China and Truman had already ruled out an attack on China because it would also involve the USSR and at this time that was too risky. We did not want to get into another war, and MacArthur was openly threatening and saying that we would. The military and civilian costs of having another war are too great. Also, the fact that most of the troops that were sent into Korea by the UN were americans shows that we would be the country that would have to provide most of the military if there was a war.
The policy of containment did succeed because we were able to keep the communists out of South Korea and contain them in North Korea. The main point of containment was not to take back North Korea from communism, but just to make sure that it did not make South Korea communist, and this goal was achieved.
Sunday, March 14, 2010
Dropping the Atomic Bomb
1. What factors have affected viewpoints on Truman's decision?
There were many factors that affected viewpoints of Truman's decision. Some people believed that the war was over and that the Allies had already won the war, but some believed that Truman decided to drop the bombs because he just wanted to scare the USSR. Some believe that He did it to please the leaders of the military because they wanted to test out the bombs and use them in actual warfare. The points that agreed with Truman's decision were that American soldiers were tortured.
2. Do you think he made the right decision? Give your reasons.
I think that Truman did make the right decision by dropping the atomic bombs on the mainland because if he did not then the US would have had to invade. We had seen how they had defended Iwo Jima so fiercely, and this was only because it was 2 islands away from the mainland. The casualty estimation of the invasion would have been about .2 million. Invasion and the Atomic bombs were the only two choices given to him, and the bomb dropping saved hundreds of thousands of american lives, also saving time.
There were many factors that affected viewpoints of Truman's decision. Some people believed that the war was over and that the Allies had already won the war, but some believed that Truman decided to drop the bombs because he just wanted to scare the USSR. Some believe that He did it to please the leaders of the military because they wanted to test out the bombs and use them in actual warfare. The points that agreed with Truman's decision were that American soldiers were tortured.
2. Do you think he made the right decision? Give your reasons.
I think that Truman did make the right decision by dropping the atomic bombs on the mainland because if he did not then the US would have had to invade. We had seen how they had defended Iwo Jima so fiercely, and this was only because it was 2 islands away from the mainland. The casualty estimation of the invasion would have been about .2 million. Invasion and the Atomic bombs were the only two choices given to him, and the bomb dropping saved hundreds of thousands of american lives, also saving time.
Friday, March 12, 2010
War in the Pacific
1. What was the importance of the Battle of Midway?
The American's repelled the Japanese assault, destroying over 200 Japanese planes, 4 aircraft carriers, and a cursor. It also marked a turning point in the war in the Pacific because afterwards the Allies, began island hopping towards Japan.
2. What strategy did the United States adopt in fighting Japan?
The United States adopted the strategy or island hopping. This was when they would advance towards japan island by island slowly pushing the Japanese people back toward japan.
3. Why did the Japanese fight so hard on Iwo Jima?
Th Japanese fought so hard on Iwo Jima because it was the japanese's last defense from the Americans attacking Okanawa, which was the last island they had to attack before they would be at the mainland, Japan. Also, they had created tunnel systems in the island and mountains, and so they were very hard to flush out.
4. Why did the Allies believe Okinawa was a foretaste of an invasion of Japan?
The Allies believed that Okinawa was a foretaste of the invasion of Japan because of the fact that the japanese fought so hard at Iwo Jima, which showed they would rather die than surrender, and this was because they were 2 islands away from Japan, and so they were wondering how they would defend the actual homeland. They knew they would fight harder than they did at Iwo Jima.
5. What was the Manhattan Project?
The Manhattan Project was the project to build the Atomic Bomb, and this was created because we did not want to invade Japan.
6. Ultimately, why did President Truman decide to drop atomic bombs on Japan?
President Truman decided to drop the atomic bombs on Japan to save the lives of the millions of Americans that would die assaulting Japan.
The American's repelled the Japanese assault, destroying over 200 Japanese planes, 4 aircraft carriers, and a cursor. It also marked a turning point in the war in the Pacific because afterwards the Allies, began island hopping towards Japan.
2. What strategy did the United States adopt in fighting Japan?
The United States adopted the strategy or island hopping. This was when they would advance towards japan island by island slowly pushing the Japanese people back toward japan.
3. Why did the Japanese fight so hard on Iwo Jima?
Th Japanese fought so hard on Iwo Jima because it was the japanese's last defense from the Americans attacking Okanawa, which was the last island they had to attack before they would be at the mainland, Japan. Also, they had created tunnel systems in the island and mountains, and so they were very hard to flush out.
4. Why did the Allies believe Okinawa was a foretaste of an invasion of Japan?
The Allies believed that Okinawa was a foretaste of the invasion of Japan because of the fact that the japanese fought so hard at Iwo Jima, which showed they would rather die than surrender, and this was because they were 2 islands away from Japan, and so they were wondering how they would defend the actual homeland. They knew they would fight harder than they did at Iwo Jima.
5. What was the Manhattan Project?
The Manhattan Project was the project to build the Atomic Bomb, and this was created because we did not want to invade Japan.
6. Ultimately, why did President Truman decide to drop atomic bombs on Japan?
President Truman decided to drop the atomic bombs on Japan to save the lives of the millions of Americans that would die assaulting Japan.
Tuesday, March 9, 2010
War for Europe and North Africa - Part II
6. What was D-Day?
D-Day was when 3 million british american and canadian soldiers gathered together to attack the beaches of Normandy. This was the first day of the invasion, And at night soldiers parachuted down into German lines and thousands of soldiers were carried onto the shore. The Germans were waiting for them though, and had set up fortifications. Many were slaughtered because they were sitting ducks once they got off of the boats. Many also died because the boats dropped them off too early and so the water was too deep and they were weighed down by their equipment, and so they sunk to the bottom and drowned.
7. What happened at the Battle of the Bulge?
When America captured the first German town, Hitler retaliated by sending his troops to try and break through the Allies Lines and recapture Antwerp. This was the battle of the bulge, and the German tank divisions broke through the American defenses because they were weak. The tanks kept going into the Allied territory, which created a sort of bulge which is where the name comes from.
8. What did Allied troops find in Germany?
The allied troops found the death camps that were in Germany.
9. What happened to Hitler? What happened to F.D. Roosevelt? Who became U.S. President?
After the death camps were found, Hitler committed suicide because he did not want to be tortured. FDR had a stroke and died after, and Truman was elected as president.
D-Day was when 3 million british american and canadian soldiers gathered together to attack the beaches of Normandy. This was the first day of the invasion, And at night soldiers parachuted down into German lines and thousands of soldiers were carried onto the shore. The Germans were waiting for them though, and had set up fortifications. Many were slaughtered because they were sitting ducks once they got off of the boats. Many also died because the boats dropped them off too early and so the water was too deep and they were weighed down by their equipment, and so they sunk to the bottom and drowned.
7. What happened at the Battle of the Bulge?
When America captured the first German town, Hitler retaliated by sending his troops to try and break through the Allies Lines and recapture Antwerp. This was the battle of the bulge, and the German tank divisions broke through the American defenses because they were weak. The tanks kept going into the Allied territory, which created a sort of bulge which is where the name comes from.
8. What did Allied troops find in Germany?
The allied troops found the death camps that were in Germany.
9. What happened to Hitler? What happened to F.D. Roosevelt? Who became U.S. President?
After the death camps were found, Hitler committed suicide because he did not want to be tortured. FDR had a stroke and died after, and Truman was elected as president.
Monday, March 8, 2010
War for Europe & North Africa
1. To what did Roosevelt and Churchill agree early in the war?
They agreed that the U.S would focus on Hitler before the Pacific, because Churchill believed Hitler was more important.
2. Why was winning the Battle of the Atlantic so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies?
Winning the Battle of the Atlantic was so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies because it made ships able to carry troops and supplies safely across the Atlantic Ocean. It also gave them the oppurtunity to focus their naval forces and supplies in other places.
3. Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important?
The battle of Stalingrad was so important because it was a major turning point on the Eastern Front. Hitler lost an entire army in the battle and this crushed any hope of him ever defeating the Soviet Union. Furthermore it opened another front that Germany had to defend.
4. What happened in the war in North Africa?
In the war in North Africa the allies went to help the British that were already stationed their defend against Rommel as well as continue the attack from the western side. This allowed the Allies to make another front to try and take away some of the pressure that was being put on the Soviet Union, as well as make a base from which they could attack Sicily and then Italy and then in the end Germany in the south side, but they did not succeed.
5. What happened after the Allies invaded Italy?
After the Allies invaded Italy Moussolini was overthrown by the Italian people, and so the Italians thought that this had withdrawn them from the war. This was not true though, and the Germans remained in Italy trying to fight off the Allied Forces until the end of the war.
They agreed that the U.S would focus on Hitler before the Pacific, because Churchill believed Hitler was more important.
2. Why was winning the Battle of the Atlantic so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies?
Winning the Battle of the Atlantic was so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies because it made ships able to carry troops and supplies safely across the Atlantic Ocean. It also gave them the oppurtunity to focus their naval forces and supplies in other places.
3. Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important?
The battle of Stalingrad was so important because it was a major turning point on the Eastern Front. Hitler lost an entire army in the battle and this crushed any hope of him ever defeating the Soviet Union. Furthermore it opened another front that Germany had to defend.
4. What happened in the war in North Africa?
In the war in North Africa the allies went to help the British that were already stationed their defend against Rommel as well as continue the attack from the western side. This allowed the Allies to make another front to try and take away some of the pressure that was being put on the Soviet Union, as well as make a base from which they could attack Sicily and then Italy and then in the end Germany in the south side, but they did not succeed.
5. What happened after the Allies invaded Italy?
After the Allies invaded Italy Moussolini was overthrown by the Italian people, and so the Italians thought that this had withdrawn them from the war. This was not true though, and the Germans remained in Italy trying to fight off the Allied Forces until the end of the war.
Sunday, March 7, 2010
Mobilizing for WWII
1. Selective Service System
Provided 10,000,000 men for the war, which helped the US to fight the war on both fronts.
2. Women
Women worked in many nonviolent positions like nurses, pilots, ambulance drivers, and Radio personnel.
3. Minorities
1.5 million men belonging to minorities joined the army during WWII, and 75k Japanese Americans served as spies as well.
4. Manufacturers
Automobile plants in the country made vehicles and airplanes for the military. Other plants also worked on supplying the military, and shipyards also worked on building boats for the war.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
The OSRD made improvements in radar and sonar and also created the atom bomb.
6 Entertainment industry
The entertainment industry such as Disney made pro-war propaganda, and also made war movies in order to gain support for the war.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
The OPA froze prices of domestic goods, raised taxes, and also encouraged buying war bonds to support the war.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
The WPB transformed industries into wartime industries by giving them the supplies and money needed as well as making drives for materials.
9. Rationing
Rationing was a way to allocate goods that were scarce to families equally, however most of the goods were sold through the black market anyways.
Provided 10,000,000 men for the war, which helped the US to fight the war on both fronts.
2. Women
Women worked in many nonviolent positions like nurses, pilots, ambulance drivers, and Radio personnel.
3. Minorities
1.5 million men belonging to minorities joined the army during WWII, and 75k Japanese Americans served as spies as well.
4. Manufacturers
Automobile plants in the country made vehicles and airplanes for the military. Other plants also worked on supplying the military, and shipyards also worked on building boats for the war.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
The OSRD made improvements in radar and sonar and also created the atom bomb.
6 Entertainment industry
The entertainment industry such as Disney made pro-war propaganda, and also made war movies in order to gain support for the war.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
The OPA froze prices of domestic goods, raised taxes, and also encouraged buying war bonds to support the war.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
The WPB transformed industries into wartime industries by giving them the supplies and money needed as well as making drives for materials.
9. Rationing
Rationing was a way to allocate goods that were scarce to families equally, however most of the goods were sold through the black market anyways.
Thursday, March 4, 2010
Japan and U.S. Relations in 1941
Japan and U.S. Relations in 1941
Document A
-going south would bring America, England, the Soviet Union, and Asia to their knees and Japan will have little resistance.
-best place for japan to attack would be south
Document B
-America is being surrounded by Japan
Document C
-Japan cannot negotiate with America
-Japan has been and is still being oppressed by America
-Japan has been sacrificing to try and keep the peace for years
Document D
-at this point japan has to decide between destruction and glory
-Japan owes the emperor and military their support
Document E
-Japan caused the war because they attacked first
-Japan tried deceive Americans by talking about peace
-It is a necessity that America goes to war with Japan
Document A
-going south would bring America, England, the Soviet Union, and Asia to their knees and Japan will have little resistance.
-best place for japan to attack would be south
Document B
-America is being surrounded by Japan
Document C
-Japan cannot negotiate with America
-Japan has been and is still being oppressed by America
-Japan has been sacrificing to try and keep the peace for years
Document D
-at this point japan has to decide between destruction and glory
-Japan owes the emperor and military their support
Document E
-Japan caused the war because they attacked first
-Japan tried deceive Americans by talking about peace
-It is a necessity that America goes to war with Japan
Sunday, February 28, 2010
"Isolationism" and FDR (1935 - 1941)
1. What were the goals of the isolationists? Why is "isolationism" a misleading term?
Isolationists thought that they shouldnt join any more wars because the rest of the world did not share any of their interests. Isolationism is a misleading term because it makes it seem like the US wants to isolate itself away from the rest of the world, which wasnt the case at all because it just had to do with wars.
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
They felt like they did not need to feel threatened because we are seperated from them by oceans and we had friendly alliances with them so there was nothing to be feared.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
The NYE committee hearings were to investigate why the US joined WWI, and if they were found to share them with the american people to stop any troubles abroad.
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
The NYE Committee Hearings created the impressions that Men had died in the war because companies wanted profits because war boosts some business and industry because of the need for supplies, and that the banks also had a stake in things.
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
The purpose of the Neutrality Acts were to keep Americans more neutral by stopping trade that could aid one side over the other in war.
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
He wanted intrusive government a lot and also because he held a lot of power over the people.
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
Crash and Carry said that it was okay for people to trade with belligerents but they had to get the goods themselves because of the US's lack of being able to ship to them.
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
He thought that us not getting involved with Japan would stop the Japanese from moving forward.
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
The purpose of the America First Committee was to keep america out of war and look after our own interests.
Isolationists thought that they shouldnt join any more wars because the rest of the world did not share any of their interests. Isolationism is a misleading term because it makes it seem like the US wants to isolate itself away from the rest of the world, which wasnt the case at all because it just had to do with wars.
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
They felt like they did not need to feel threatened because we are seperated from them by oceans and we had friendly alliances with them so there was nothing to be feared.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
The NYE committee hearings were to investigate why the US joined WWI, and if they were found to share them with the american people to stop any troubles abroad.
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
The NYE Committee Hearings created the impressions that Men had died in the war because companies wanted profits because war boosts some business and industry because of the need for supplies, and that the banks also had a stake in things.
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
The purpose of the Neutrality Acts were to keep Americans more neutral by stopping trade that could aid one side over the other in war.
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
He wanted intrusive government a lot and also because he held a lot of power over the people.
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
Crash and Carry said that it was okay for people to trade with belligerents but they had to get the goods themselves because of the US's lack of being able to ship to them.
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
He thought that us not getting involved with Japan would stop the Japanese from moving forward.
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
The purpose of the America First Committee was to keep america out of war and look after our own interests.
Tuesday, February 23, 2010
World Events Set Stage for Isolationism
1. What was the Japanese reaction to the Treaty of Versailles? (pgs. 4 - 5)
The Japanese were enraged by the treaty of Versailles because they did not stand to gain anything from it and the conference was racist. They felt as if the other nations did not care about Japan and its well being.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
Japan was becoming a strong power because they were beginning to trade with the rest of the world. They based their banking on the U.S government and military on prussias and also their navy on Great Britains navy. Also, when they won the war against russia they were able to expand into korea as well. They felt threatened by the U.S because the U.S began to take over the islands close to them and they felt as if they were to close and would come take over them.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished? (pg. 6) (Note: Japan signs the agreement.)
The Washington Navel Conference convened to limit the extent of a Navel arms race because of Japan. The conference limited the size of the ships, put a maximum on the number of battle ships, and established an open trade policy with China.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they? (pgs. 6 - 7)
The two sentiments were the U.S could only act in self defense and did not need to act militarily against those that broke the treaty.
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons. (pgs. 9 - 10)
Hitler had popular support in Germany because he promised and tried to get back Germany's political and territorial status before WWI as well as getting Germany out of its economic depression. Hitler was able to put the blame for Germany's humiliation after WWI on different groups as well to help gain power.
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons? (pg. 10)
Japan voiced its intentions to invade China in order to expand its power and gain raw materials and natural recourses so it didn't have to rely on trade alone for them.
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
The Reichstag fire and the explosion on the railway in Manchuria were similar because both gave the party a reason to advance its goals and were caused by the people that were hurt.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force? (pgs. 11 - 12)
The U.S was not able to oppose Japan with a significant military force because it had reduced its military greatly by 2.7 million troops.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism. (pg. 8)
The major differences between liberal democracy and fascism and socialism are in a liberal democracy the people control the government and in the other two the government controls everything. Also in fascism and in a democracy the people are allowed to own property, but in socialism everything is owned by the government. They are similar because the government does not control every aspect of everybodys life as in communism. Also, fascism and socialism both generally have dictators or people who act as such.
The Japanese were enraged by the treaty of Versailles because they did not stand to gain anything from it and the conference was racist. They felt as if the other nations did not care about Japan and its well being.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
Japan was becoming a strong power because they were beginning to trade with the rest of the world. They based their banking on the U.S government and military on prussias and also their navy on Great Britains navy. Also, when they won the war against russia they were able to expand into korea as well. They felt threatened by the U.S because the U.S began to take over the islands close to them and they felt as if they were to close and would come take over them.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished? (pg. 6) (Note: Japan signs the agreement.)
The Washington Navel Conference convened to limit the extent of a Navel arms race because of Japan. The conference limited the size of the ships, put a maximum on the number of battle ships, and established an open trade policy with China.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they? (pgs. 6 - 7)
The two sentiments were the U.S could only act in self defense and did not need to act militarily against those that broke the treaty.
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons. (pgs. 9 - 10)
Hitler had popular support in Germany because he promised and tried to get back Germany's political and territorial status before WWI as well as getting Germany out of its economic depression. Hitler was able to put the blame for Germany's humiliation after WWI on different groups as well to help gain power.
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons? (pg. 10)
Japan voiced its intentions to invade China in order to expand its power and gain raw materials and natural recourses so it didn't have to rely on trade alone for them.
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
The Reichstag fire and the explosion on the railway in Manchuria were similar because both gave the party a reason to advance its goals and were caused by the people that were hurt.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force? (pgs. 11 - 12)
The U.S was not able to oppose Japan with a significant military force because it had reduced its military greatly by 2.7 million troops.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism. (pg. 8)
The major differences between liberal democracy and fascism and socialism are in a liberal democracy the people control the government and in the other two the government controls everything. Also in fascism and in a democracy the people are allowed to own property, but in socialism everything is owned by the government. They are similar because the government does not control every aspect of everybodys life as in communism. Also, fascism and socialism both generally have dictators or people who act as such.
Monday, February 8, 2010
New Deal Essay Outline
How, and with what success, did the United States government try to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression?
A strong, well-developed thesis statement that provides a structured framework for an argument.
The nature and scale of the problem facing Roosevelt
The action he took through the 1930s (the "Hows")
The impact of the New Deal on Americans (Successes / Failures / In-betweens)
The reasons for opposition to the New Deal (Counter-argument)
Your own judgement on its success. (To what extent... / with what success...)
Thesis: There were many problems caused by the Great Depression, such as Unemployment, the Homeless, and the Economy, and these problems were dealt with by the goverment by Relief, Reform, and Recovery. These attempts were greatly successful because it provided people with Jobs as well as helped with the banking problems.
Paragraph #2: (How- helping the struggling people)
-Federal Emergency Relief Administration
-How it helped
Paragraph #3: Recovery
-FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and how it helped
-Securities Exchange Commission and how it helped.
Paragraph #3: REFORM
-Emergency Banking Act
Stabalizes banks keeps people from loosing all their money
Paragraph #5: (Counterargument)
-FDR seen as dictator because packed supreme court so that he would have 10 votes
-Unemployment and homeless
-FDR laid off many workers who had been employed by the New Deal's own organizations
-FDRcut the New Deal budget in 1937, the country went back into recession.
A strong, well-developed thesis statement that provides a structured framework for an argument.
The nature and scale of the problem facing Roosevelt
The action he took through the 1930s (the "Hows")
The impact of the New Deal on Americans (Successes / Failures / In-betweens)
The reasons for opposition to the New Deal (Counter-argument)
Your own judgement on its success. (To what extent... / with what success...)
Thesis: There were many problems caused by the Great Depression, such as Unemployment, the Homeless, and the Economy, and these problems were dealt with by the goverment by Relief, Reform, and Recovery. These attempts were greatly successful because it provided people with Jobs as well as helped with the banking problems.
Paragraph #2: (How- helping the struggling people)
-Federal Emergency Relief Administration
-How it helped
Paragraph #3: Recovery
-FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and how it helped
-Securities Exchange Commission and how it helped.
Paragraph #3: REFORM
-Emergency Banking Act
Stabalizes banks keeps people from loosing all their money
Paragraph #5: (Counterargument)
-FDR seen as dictator because packed supreme court so that he would have 10 votes
-Unemployment and homeless
-FDR laid off many workers who had been employed by the New Deal's own organizations
-FDRcut the New Deal budget in 1937, the country went back into recession.
Thursday, January 28, 2010
Causes of the Great Depression Outline
Prompt: To what extent was the Wall Street Crash a cause of the Great Depression of 1929? Support your argument with specific examples.
The Wall Street Crash was one of the major causes of the Great Depression, Along with over-production, over-use of credit and small wages. These worked in unison to cause the Great Depression of 1929.
The Wall Street Crash
I. People lost great amounts of money
-People who bought stocks using loans because they believed the market would continue to rise lost money and the loaners also lost their money
II. No money to buy products
-Products are being over-produced and so the companies are loosing money because the people do not have the money buy them
Over Production
I. Too many products are being made
-consumers do not need all of them
-Consumers do not have money from stock market crash
II. Soldiers home from war do not need rations
-crops harvested are going to waste because they are not needed and people do not have the money for them
Over-Use of Credit
I. People were using money they did not have to buy things
-Increased the debt
-People were not able to receive payment for things, debts were not able to be payed back because of the loss of money from the Stock Market Crash
Small Wages and Lay-offs
I. People had no money to buy things
-Prices kept increasing but wages did not so people could not afford items
II. People could not pay off stock market debts because of the wages
-Lay-offs because companies are not making money
The Wall Street Crash was one of the major causes of the Great Depression, Along with over-production, over-use of credit and small wages. These worked in unison to cause the Great Depression of 1929.
The Wall Street Crash
I. People lost great amounts of money
-People who bought stocks using loans because they believed the market would continue to rise lost money and the loaners also lost their money
II. No money to buy products
-Products are being over-produced and so the companies are loosing money because the people do not have the money buy them
Over Production
I. Too many products are being made
-consumers do not need all of them
-Consumers do not have money from stock market crash
II. Soldiers home from war do not need rations
-crops harvested are going to waste because they are not needed and people do not have the money for them
Over-Use of Credit
I. People were using money they did not have to buy things
-Increased the debt
-People were not able to receive payment for things, debts were not able to be payed back because of the loss of money from the Stock Market Crash
Small Wages and Lay-offs
I. People had no money to buy things
-Prices kept increasing but wages did not so people could not afford items
II. People could not pay off stock market debts because of the wages
-Lay-offs because companies are not making money
Monday, January 25, 2010
Causes & Early Effects of the Great Depression
1. What happened on "Black Tuesday"?
On black tuesday the stock market completely crashed and then people tried to sell all their stocks and it just made the market drop even more.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
The industries in the 1920's were not performing well, and agriculture helped because they didnt need to supply the troops anymore so the crops were not getting bought. THerefore the prices dropped, and Consumers helped because they did not have the money to buy the products which prices kept going up.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were credit cards, not big enough salaries and wages for workers, and over production of things when people weren't using them.
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover believed that government should make competing groups cooperate.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
Hoovers initial reaction was to get the leaders of the economy to keep wages the same and get them to work together, but this did not work. The hoover damn was also created.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
The nations economy was becoming worse and more people were becoming unemployed. Also the number of homeless people was rising.
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
Lots of the republicans were voted out of office and many anti-hoover Democrats were voted in.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
Hoover helped make lots of cooperatives and also created the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, the Glass-Steagle Banking Act, and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
The economy just got worse and worse.
On black tuesday the stock market completely crashed and then people tried to sell all their stocks and it just made the market drop even more.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
The industries in the 1920's were not performing well, and agriculture helped because they didnt need to supply the troops anymore so the crops were not getting bought. THerefore the prices dropped, and Consumers helped because they did not have the money to buy the products which prices kept going up.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were credit cards, not big enough salaries and wages for workers, and over production of things when people weren't using them.
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover believed that government should make competing groups cooperate.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
Hoovers initial reaction was to get the leaders of the economy to keep wages the same and get them to work together, but this did not work. The hoover damn was also created.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
The nations economy was becoming worse and more people were becoming unemployed. Also the number of homeless people was rising.
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
Lots of the republicans were voted out of office and many anti-hoover Democrats were voted in.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
Hoover helped make lots of cooperatives and also created the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, the Glass-Steagle Banking Act, and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
The economy just got worse and worse.
Sunday, January 10, 2010
The Twenties Woman
Read Chapter 21-2 and answer the following questions. These are due by 3:10 p.m. Friday.
Title: The Twenties Woman Labels: 1920s, women's_rights
1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
Women cut their hair short, and wore shorter dresses.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
Women began to be more open and public about things such as drinking and smoking. They also began asserting that marriage was an equal partnership between the man and the woman.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
Assertive, Self-Confident
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Many new job oppurtunities were provided such as being a nurse, librarian, or clerk.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
Two ways their home and family life improved were that new inventions were made to make jobs at the house much easier, and also food was put in cans so it was easier for them to make.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
Three negative effects were that double-standards were made about women, teens began to rebel against their parents, and they were still discriminated against at the workplace and earned lower wages because they were women.
Title: The Twenties Woman Labels: 1920s, women's_rights
1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
Women cut their hair short, and wore shorter dresses.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
Women began to be more open and public about things such as drinking and smoking. They also began asserting that marriage was an equal partnership between the man and the woman.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
Assertive, Self-Confident
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Many new job oppurtunities were provided such as being a nurse, librarian, or clerk.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
Two ways their home and family life improved were that new inventions were made to make jobs at the house much easier, and also food was put in cans so it was easier for them to make.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
Three negative effects were that double-standards were made about women, teens began to rebel against their parents, and they were still discriminated against at the workplace and earned lower wages because they were women.
Monday, January 4, 2010
Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues
After World War I, many Americans feared that Communists would take over the country.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
He responded to the fear that communists would take over the country by attempting to hunt down all the communists and anarchists. He was not successful in doing this.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
Palmer eventually lost his standing with the public because he was not getting any results, and people began to suspect that he was doing it for his own personal reasons.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
The Klu Klux Klan responded to this fear by killing pretty much anybody that wasnt similar to them.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
They lost popularity and membership because they were undergoing in criminal activities and people did not like it.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
They were victimized in a trial by a prejudiced judge because a factory paymaster was robbed by two italian men. They provided information that they were innocent but were still sentenced to death.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
The strike by the Boston Police was unpopular with the public because they felt unsafe without the police force protecting them.
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Calvin Coolidge became popular because he stopped the Boston police strike and so he was viewed as the protector of Boston. They also thought that he was stopping the spread of Communism.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
The strike at U.S. Steel unpopular because the strikers were portrayed as communists and they were unusually violent.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
President Wilson responded to the steel strike by stating that strikers should refrain from violence when the nation is trying to refrain from going into war.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
He responded to the fear that communists would take over the country by attempting to hunt down all the communists and anarchists. He was not successful in doing this.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
Palmer eventually lost his standing with the public because he was not getting any results, and people began to suspect that he was doing it for his own personal reasons.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
The Klu Klux Klan responded to this fear by killing pretty much anybody that wasnt similar to them.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
They lost popularity and membership because they were undergoing in criminal activities and people did not like it.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
They were victimized in a trial by a prejudiced judge because a factory paymaster was robbed by two italian men. They provided information that they were innocent but were still sentenced to death.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
The strike by the Boston Police was unpopular with the public because they felt unsafe without the police force protecting them.
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Calvin Coolidge became popular because he stopped the Boston police strike and so he was viewed as the protector of Boston. They also thought that he was stopping the spread of Communism.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
The strike at U.S. Steel unpopular because the strikers were portrayed as communists and they were unusually violent.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
President Wilson responded to the steel strike by stating that strikers should refrain from violence when the nation is trying to refrain from going into war.
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