The Arms Race

1. Read Source 12. What methods do you think Dulles had in mind to 'liberate captive peoples' without a war?
Dulles was thinking about the methods just short of war like containment. Some people thought containment was weak and they did not feel that it worked. He was referring to the anticommunist organizations he had set up throughout the world, including SEATO and CENTO.

2. Look at Source 13. Would you agree that the Communist world was encircled? Explain your answer.
Yes I would agree that the communist world was encircled because they were encircled by anti-communist nations. The anti-communist allies were set up so that the USSR could not expand.

3. Carefully examine the verticle timeline on page 343. Then look back at Source 12. Do you think the development of nuclear weapons was what Dulles might have had in mind?
I don't believe that the development of nuclear weapons was what Dulles had in mind because if bombs were developed war could not be stopped if one was dropped. Dulles was against having a war and the bombs being made was a concern to both him and the USSR.

4. Look at Source 16. What is the Soviet cartoon saying about the U-2 plane?
Source 16 is saying that the U-2 plane which is owned by the US is spying on the USSR. Its saying that the U-2 plane is flying over the USSR and looking at what is occuring in the Soviet Union at the time in order to bring that information back to the US so that we may use it against them if necessary.


5. Read the Factfile on page 344. Explain why the USSR was so angry about the US spy flights.
The USSR was mad because the U.S. was spying on them by using U-2 flights. They used the U-2's because they flew so high that they could not be shot down, and so the US could check on what the USSR was producing. They were also mad because Eisenhower lied at first, until the evidence was so revealing that he had to confess.


6. How would the USA justify this violation of Soviet territory?
When Eisenhower was accused he denied it and said that the planes were just flying over without purpose, but when the Soviets shot down one of the U-2 planes and gained evidence that he was spying he had to confess.

7. If the USSR had had U-2 planes, do you think it would have used them? Why?
Yes, the USSR would have used them because they were very useful in order to spy on nations because they had very high tech cameras and speakers that made it easy to hear and see from very far away. They provided very useful information for the US during the Cold War.

8. Look at Source 17. Why do you think the USA had missiles based in Europe?
The US had missiles based in Europe because the missiles based in Europe were a shorter distance to the USSR, therefore the short range missiles would have better accuracy if they needed to be used.

9. Define the term 'nuclear deterrent' in not more than 20 words.
No side would attack first because they knew their attack would hurt them too.