1. What role did President Roosevelt play in ending the Russo-Japanese War?
Roosevelt mediated in the settlement of the Russo-Japanese War. He was approached by Japanese officials and asked secretly to mediate peace negotiations. The delegates from Russia and Japan met in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and Roosevelt persuaded Japan to accept half of Sakhalin Island and forgo the Cash payment. In exchange Russia agreed to let Japan take over Russian interests in Manchuria and Korea. This won Roosevelt the Nobel Peace Prize.
2. What events led to the building of the Panama Canal? What happened regarding Columbia? (Be specific)
Many Americans felt that the US needed a canal cutting across Central America. It would greatly reduce travel time for commercial and military ships by providing a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. In the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty of 1901 Britain gave the US exclusive rights to build and control a canal through Central America. Before building the canal, America had to get permission from Columbia because the route crossed through a province of Columbia. The negotiations broke down and a rebellion was held against Columbia. Panama declared its independance, and America built its canal.
3. What did the Roosevelt Corollary state?
The Roosevelt Corollary stated that the United States would now use force to protect its economic interest in Latin America.
4. How did Taft use Dollar Diplomacy to enforce the Roosevelt Colollary on Nicaragua? (Be specfic)
Taft used Dollar Diplomacy to enforce the Roosevelt Corollary on Nicaragua by arranging for American bankers to loan Nicaragua enough money to pay its debts. In return, the bankers were given the right to recover their money by collecting Nicaragua's customs duties. The US bankers also gained control of Nicaragua's state-owned railroad system and its national bank.
5. Why did Woodrow Wilson invade Mexico?
Woodrow Wilson invaded Mexico because he was given the oppurtunity to because one of Huerta's officers arrested a small group of American sailors in Tampico, on Mexico's eastern shore.
6. What were three major foriegn policy goals achieved by the United States in the early 20th century. Be sure to provide an example or two of each.
-Expanded its access to foreign markets in order to ensure the continued growth of the domestic economy. Example:Panama Canal
-Built a modern navy to protect its interest abroad. Example: Panama Canal made naval passage easier between Atlantic and Pacific
-Exercised its international police power to ensure dominance in Latin America. Example: Using Dollar Diplomacy in Nicaragua
Showing posts with label TR. Show all posts
Showing posts with label TR. Show all posts
Tuesday, November 17, 2009
Monday, November 2, 2009
Spanish-American War
Questions for Part II—The Spanish-American War
1. What connections did the U.S. have to Cuba in the late 1800s? List at least two.
1. We had 50 million dollars invested in the island's sugar industry.
2. We were the largest consumer of Cuban Sugar.
2. What were the Spanish “reconcentration camps”?
The Spanish Reconcentration camps were towns that hundreds of thousands of cubans were herded into that were policed by Spanish trorops. They lacked adequate food, housing, and sanitation.
3. List three reasons why the United States went to war with Spain in Cuba.
a. Yellow Journalism
b. The explosion of the USS Maine
c. De Lome letter
4. Which do you believe was the most important reason? Why?
I beleive the De Lome letter was the most important reason because it was the thing that finally tipped the scales and made us go to war with Spain. It was an insult to our president, which offended the American people as well as him. The newspapers blew it out of porportion saying it was the worst insult to America in its history.
5. What did the Teller Amendment say?
The Teller Amendment said that the US had no interest in asserting "sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control" over Cuba and promised to, "leave the government and control of the island to its people" once peace was restored.
6. Why was a portion of the Spanish-American War fought in the Philippines?
A portion of the Spanish-American war was fought in the Philippines because the Spanish fleet was based in the Philippines.
7. Dewey's victory in the Philippines sparked an outpouring of pride in the United States.
8. Why did Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders want to fight in Cuba?
Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders wanted to fight in Cuba because of the win in the Philippines in Manila Harbor.
9. a. Why were many African-Americans eager to serve in the Spanish-American War?
Many African-Americans were eager to serve in the Spanish-American War because they saw the war as an opportunity to elevate the status of blacks in the US. They hoped that black participation in the fighting would win the African-American community new respect and chip away at the wall of discrimination.
b. What forms of discrimination and prejudice did they encounter?
They were the most elite of the units and yet they were denied promotion into the officer corps. Also, the black volunteers were not given the chance to fight in Cuba.
10. How did racism influence American perceptions of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines? Give two examples of events where racism affected U.S. policy after the war.
Racism influenced the American perceptions of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines because it made the American people think that the people inhabiting these places were savage animals, who were very uncivilized. These opinions were backed by scientific racism, which said that their people were greatly inferior to the whites in the United States. It also caused many American leaders to doubt that the blacks and asians in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines could be a force for progress.
a.We did not beleive that Cuba could form a democracy all on its own.
b.Cuban rebels needed guidance in their affairs.
1. What connections did the U.S. have to Cuba in the late 1800s? List at least two.
1. We had 50 million dollars invested in the island's sugar industry.
2. We were the largest consumer of Cuban Sugar.
2. What were the Spanish “reconcentration camps”?
The Spanish Reconcentration camps were towns that hundreds of thousands of cubans were herded into that were policed by Spanish trorops. They lacked adequate food, housing, and sanitation.
3. List three reasons why the United States went to war with Spain in Cuba.
a. Yellow Journalism
b. The explosion of the USS Maine
c. De Lome letter
4. Which do you believe was the most important reason? Why?
I beleive the De Lome letter was the most important reason because it was the thing that finally tipped the scales and made us go to war with Spain. It was an insult to our president, which offended the American people as well as him. The newspapers blew it out of porportion saying it was the worst insult to America in its history.
5. What did the Teller Amendment say?
The Teller Amendment said that the US had no interest in asserting "sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control" over Cuba and promised to, "leave the government and control of the island to its people" once peace was restored.
6. Why was a portion of the Spanish-American War fought in the Philippines?
A portion of the Spanish-American war was fought in the Philippines because the Spanish fleet was based in the Philippines.
7. Dewey's victory in the Philippines sparked an outpouring of pride in the United States.
8. Why did Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders want to fight in Cuba?
Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders wanted to fight in Cuba because of the win in the Philippines in Manila Harbor.
9. a. Why were many African-Americans eager to serve in the Spanish-American War?
Many African-Americans were eager to serve in the Spanish-American War because they saw the war as an opportunity to elevate the status of blacks in the US. They hoped that black participation in the fighting would win the African-American community new respect and chip away at the wall of discrimination.
b. What forms of discrimination and prejudice did they encounter?
They were the most elite of the units and yet they were denied promotion into the officer corps. Also, the black volunteers were not given the chance to fight in Cuba.
10. How did racism influence American perceptions of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines? Give two examples of events where racism affected U.S. policy after the war.
Racism influenced the American perceptions of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines because it made the American people think that the people inhabiting these places were savage animals, who were very uncivilized. These opinions were backed by scientific racism, which said that their people were greatly inferior to the whites in the United States. It also caused many American leaders to doubt that the blacks and asians in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines could be a force for progress.
a.We did not beleive that Cuba could form a democracy all on its own.
b.Cuban rebels needed guidance in their affairs.
Thursday, October 29, 2009
Imperialism: The Origins of a Global Power
1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
-American plantation owners and U.S. Marines toppled Hawaii's queen because they favored bringing the islands officially under U.S. control.
-President Grover Cleveland's reaction was that he withdrew the treaty because he believed that the annexation would corrupt traditional American values of freedom and equality. He also opposed Hawaii's new leaders, who in his mind had unjustly deprived the Hawaiian queen of her throne.
-I do not agree with his quote because i believe that we needed Hawaii and we shouldn't have to worry about the welfare of the Hawaiians. Most of the economy was dominated by American sugar plantation owners anyway.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?
-Change: Massive land acquisitions to the west Effect: held resources that increased the country's wealth and as a result the US built up significant economic and political power.
-Change: Immigration Effect: Broadened America's ethnic diversity.
-Change: Urban Growth Effect: overburdened transportation systems, inadequate sanitation, rising crime, substandard housing and political corruption. It also cause agriculture to slip from its central place in American society.
-Change: Trade Effect: huge numbers of goods that other countries valued were being made by the immigrants, which increased the annual value of American exports exponentially.
-Change: 1893 Depression Effect: Bankrupcy of two major railroads, new yourk stock echange tumbled, many people went bankrupt, millions of americans lost their jobs
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
It deepened the divisions in American society by making the workers realize how vulnerable they were in an economy based on industry and manufacturing. It was the actual americans that suffered the most during the depression.
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
The values attached to the frontier were resourcefulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism, and patriotism. Many feared that closing the frontier would harm America's national character because they viewed it as the American identity. It also had fueled the country's economic growth.
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?
Some Americans suggested greater involvement overseas because of the fear about the changing American character and the belief in American power combined to convince some people that a more aggressive approach to dealing with other nations would be the best way to ensure the continued economic success of the US. They believed that expansion would fuel economic growth.
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?
Expansionists thought creating some ports to open doors to new foreign markets would be sufficient but imperialists believed that the course of history was pointing abroad.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today?
-Social Darwinism explained differences among the world's racial and ethnic groups in terms of evolution. It was survival of the fittest and the social Darwinist believed that we had demonstrated our superiority. Scientific racism showed that mental abilites and persnality traits were racial characteristics. Whites were considered superior to the other races. They are still used today with discrimination of people because of their race or sexuality.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world?
Many protestant churches said America's role in the world should be to lift up the downtrodden of other nations.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations.
The US became involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century because we wanted to stabilize them so that trade would be safe. We became involved with Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations so that we could get safe fueling points to facilitate trade.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response?
The US was concerned about British involvement in Venezuela because we thought they were bullying them, and it shared a border with the British colony of Guiana and held large deposits of god. Olney did not want Britain or any other European countries to get the idea they could carve up Latin America for colonies as they had recently done in Africa. Such action would prevent the US from expanding its own commercial ties to Latin America.
-American plantation owners and U.S. Marines toppled Hawaii's queen because they favored bringing the islands officially under U.S. control.
-President Grover Cleveland's reaction was that he withdrew the treaty because he believed that the annexation would corrupt traditional American values of freedom and equality. He also opposed Hawaii's new leaders, who in his mind had unjustly deprived the Hawaiian queen of her throne.
-I do not agree with his quote because i believe that we needed Hawaii and we shouldn't have to worry about the welfare of the Hawaiians. Most of the economy was dominated by American sugar plantation owners anyway.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?
-Change: Massive land acquisitions to the west Effect: held resources that increased the country's wealth and as a result the US built up significant economic and political power.
-Change: Immigration Effect: Broadened America's ethnic diversity.
-Change: Urban Growth Effect: overburdened transportation systems, inadequate sanitation, rising crime, substandard housing and political corruption. It also cause agriculture to slip from its central place in American society.
-Change: Trade Effect: huge numbers of goods that other countries valued were being made by the immigrants, which increased the annual value of American exports exponentially.
-Change: 1893 Depression Effect: Bankrupcy of two major railroads, new yourk stock echange tumbled, many people went bankrupt, millions of americans lost their jobs
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
It deepened the divisions in American society by making the workers realize how vulnerable they were in an economy based on industry and manufacturing. It was the actual americans that suffered the most during the depression.
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
The values attached to the frontier were resourcefulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism, and patriotism. Many feared that closing the frontier would harm America's national character because they viewed it as the American identity. It also had fueled the country's economic growth.
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?
Some Americans suggested greater involvement overseas because of the fear about the changing American character and the belief in American power combined to convince some people that a more aggressive approach to dealing with other nations would be the best way to ensure the continued economic success of the US. They believed that expansion would fuel economic growth.
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?
Expansionists thought creating some ports to open doors to new foreign markets would be sufficient but imperialists believed that the course of history was pointing abroad.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today?
-Social Darwinism explained differences among the world's racial and ethnic groups in terms of evolution. It was survival of the fittest and the social Darwinist believed that we had demonstrated our superiority. Scientific racism showed that mental abilites and persnality traits were racial characteristics. Whites were considered superior to the other races. They are still used today with discrimination of people because of their race or sexuality.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world?
Many protestant churches said America's role in the world should be to lift up the downtrodden of other nations.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations.
The US became involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century because we wanted to stabilize them so that trade would be safe. We became involved with Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations so that we could get safe fueling points to facilitate trade.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response?
The US was concerned about British involvement in Venezuela because we thought they were bullying them, and it shared a border with the British colony of Guiana and held large deposits of god. Olney did not want Britain or any other European countries to get the idea they could carve up Latin America for colonies as they had recently done in Africa. Such action would prevent the US from expanding its own commercial ties to Latin America.
Sunday, October 25, 2009
Spanish-American War
Causes: How did each of the following help to cause the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?
1. American business owners- The american-people felt sympathetic toward the Cubans, and the business owners wanted the sugar plantations because it was rich in natural resources and full of new markets.
2. José Martí - he launched a revolution in 1895 and organized Cuban resistance against Spain, using an active guerilla campaign and deliberately destroying property, especially American-owned sugar mills and plantations. He counted on provoking US intervention to help achieve a free Cuba.
3. Valeriano Weyler - Was sent to Cuba to restore order. He fueled a war over newspaper circulation by imprisoning cubans in concentration camps.
4. Yellow journalism - It exaggerated the news to lure and enrage readers, which fanned war fever.
5. De Lôme letter - The De Lome Letter got Americans angered over the fact that their president was insulted by the Spanish minister. They found out about it because it was published in the New York Journal.
6. U.S.S. Maine - It was played up to make the American people think that the Spanish blew up the ship, and to make it seem like an act of war so that we could declare war on Spain.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba - Cuba is released from Spain
8. Puerto Rico - IS given to the US
9. Guam - It is given to the US
10. Philippine Islands - US buys for 20 million
1. American business owners- The american-people felt sympathetic toward the Cubans, and the business owners wanted the sugar plantations because it was rich in natural resources and full of new markets.
2. José Martí - he launched a revolution in 1895 and organized Cuban resistance against Spain, using an active guerilla campaign and deliberately destroying property, especially American-owned sugar mills and plantations. He counted on provoking US intervention to help achieve a free Cuba.
3. Valeriano Weyler - Was sent to Cuba to restore order. He fueled a war over newspaper circulation by imprisoning cubans in concentration camps.
4. Yellow journalism - It exaggerated the news to lure and enrage readers, which fanned war fever.
5. De Lôme letter - The De Lome Letter got Americans angered over the fact that their president was insulted by the Spanish minister. They found out about it because it was published in the New York Journal.
6. U.S.S. Maine - It was played up to make the American people think that the Spanish blew up the ship, and to make it seem like an act of war so that we could declare war on Spain.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba - Cuba is released from Spain
8. Puerto Rico - IS given to the US
9. Guam - It is given to the US
10. Philippine Islands - US buys for 20 million
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